Modifying Starch Biosynthesis with Transgenes in Potatoes

Shewmaker, Christine K.; Stalker, David M.

doi:10.1104/pp.100.3.1083

Cited by 26 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The theme of the present review is relevant for tailoring starch structure and oligosaccharide production through gene control in transgenic plants in conjunction with the design of synthetic and degradative enzymes with novel properties [67]. Possibilities have been demonstrated for modifying biosynthesis and exploitation of starch using transgenes in potatoes [67].…”

Section: Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Protein engineering in the ?-amylase family: catalytic mechanism, substrate specificity, and stability

1994

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Most starch hydrolases and related enzymes belong to the e-amylase family which contains a characteristic catalytic (fi/e)8-barrel domain. Currently known primary structures that have sequence similarities represent 18 different specificities, including starch branching enzyme. Crystal structures have been reported in three of these enzyme classes: the e-amylases, the cyclodextrin glucanotransferases, and the oligo-l,6-glucosidases. Throughout the e-amylase family, only eight amino acid residues are invariant, seven at the active site and a glycine in a short turn. However, comparison of three-dimensional models with a multiple sequence alignment suggests that the diversity in specificity arises by variation in substrate binding at the fl--+ e loops. Designed mutations thus have enhanced transferase activity and altered the oligosaccharide product patterns of e-amylases, changed the distribution of e-,/3-and 7-cyclodextrin production by cyclodextrin glucanotransferases, and shifted the relative e-1,4: e-1,6 dual-bond specificity of neopullulanase. Barley e-amylase isozyme hybrids and Bacillus e-amylases demonstrate the impact of a small domain B protruding from the (/3/e)8-scaffold on the function and stability. Prospects for rational engineering in this family include important members of plant origin, such as e-amylase, starch branching and debranching enzymes, and amylomaltase.Abbreviations: CGTase, cyclodextrin glucanotransferase; SBD, starch binding domain; TAA, takaamylase A; TIM, triose-phosphate isomerase. The mutations are described with the one-letter code, i.e.

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Section: Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Combined with advances made in controlled gene regulation, the gained insight could be exploited in crop plants. Novel starches and oligosaccharides are thus envisaged for biotechnical and chemoindustrial applications [38,51,67] as are improvements in enzymes involved in biosynthesis or degradation of starch.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein engineering in the ?-amylase family: catalytic mechanism, substrate specificity, and stability

1994

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“…Additionally, tuber-specific promoters are available and highfrequency transformation and regeneration of transgenic potato plants have been obtained (Beaujean et al, 1998a). Indeed, this approach has led to several interesting studies on starch content, starch biosynthesis and its subsequent modification (for reviews, see Flipse et al, 1996;Hattenbach et al, 1997;Kuipers et al, 1992Kuipers et al, , 1995Müller-Röber and Koßmann, 1994;Müller-Röber et al, 1992;Pilon-Smits et al, 1996;Röber et al, 1996;Shewmaker and Stalker, 1992;Stitt et al, 1995;Van der Meer et al, 1994;Visser and Jacobsen, 1993;Visser et al, 1991a;Zrenner et al, 1995). We report here that when resulting transgenic ␣-amyl/GI potato tubers were crushed and heated at 65°C, starch was broken down and glucose and fructose were produced.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Engineering direct fructose production in processed potato tubers by expressing a bifunctional alpha-amylase/glucose isomerase gene complex

Beaujean

Ducrocq-Assaf

Sangwan

et al. 2000

Biotechnol. Bioeng.

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“…These isoforms make qualitatively different contributions to amylopectin synthesis. starches through genetic modification (Shewmaker and Stalker, 1992;Smith and Martin, 1993;Muller-Rober and Kossmann, 1994) may be fully realized.…”

Section: The Interaction Of Starch Synthesis Wlth Other Biosynthetic mentioning

confidence: 99%

Starch biosynthesis.

1995

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Modifying Starch Biosynthesis with Transgenes in Potatoes

Cited by 26 publications

References 19 publications

Protein engineering in the ?-amylase family: catalytic mechanism, substrate specificity, and stability

Protein engineering in the ?-amylase family: catalytic mechanism, substrate specificity, and stability

Engineering direct fructose production in processed potato tubers by expressing a bifunctional alpha-amylase/glucose isomerase gene complex

Starch biosynthesis.

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