Modifying skin pigmentation – approaches through intrinsic biochemistry and exogenous agents

Brenner, Michaela; Hearing, Vincent J.

doi:10.1016/j.ddmec.2008.02.001

Cited by 76 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 120 publications

(111 reference statements)

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“…The most important drugs causing oral pigmentation include quinolones, antimalarial drugs and minocycline (used for treatment of acne). 5 Polycyclic amines such as nicotine and benzopyrenes, and free radicals caused by tobacco smoking can also stimulate melanin synthesis by melanocytes. Melanin bonds to these agents to prevent cell injury.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of Conventional Laser Irradiation Versus a New Method for Gingival Depigmentation (Sieve Method): A Clinical Trial

et al. 2017

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Introduction: Diode laser irradiation has recently shown promising results for treatment of gingival pigmentation. This study sought to compare the efficacy of 2 diode laser irradiation protocols for treatment of gingival pigmentations, namely the conventional method and the sieve method. Methods: In this split-mouth clinical trial, 15 patients with gingival pigmentation were selected and their pigmentation intensity was determined using Dummett's oral pigmentation index (DOPI) in different dental regions. Diode laser (980 nm wavelength and 2 W power) was irradiated through a stipple pattern (sieve method) and conventionally in the other side of the mouth. Level of pain and satisfaction with the outcome (both patient and periodontist) were measured using a 0-10 visual analog scale (VAS) for both methods. Patients were followed up at 2 weeks, one month and 3 months. Pigmentation levels were compared using repeated measures of analysis of variance (ANOVA). The difference in level of pain and satisfaction between the 2 groups was analyzed by sample t test and general estimate equation model. Results: No significant differences were found regarding the reduction of pigmentation scores and pain and scores between the 2 groups. The difference in satisfaction with the results at the three time points was significant in both conventional and sieve methods in patients (P = 0.001) and periodontists (P = 0.015). Conclusion: Diode laser irradiation in both methods successfully eliminated gingival pigmentations. The sieve method was comparable to conventional technique, offering no additional advantage.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of Conventional Laser Irradiation Versus a New Method for Gingival Depigmentation (Sieve Method): A Clinical Trial

et al. 2017

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“…The α-MSH binds to MC1R on the melanocyte [41] to increase tyrosinase activity and eumelanin production; this action could lead to regulation of melanocytes, skin pigmentation, Nitric oxide production and release of other signalling molecules from melanocytes [41]. Moreover, Pichler et al reported that α-MSH levels were significantly lower in vitiligo patients compared to normal individuals [42].…”

Section: Anti-melanocortin 1 Receptor (Mc1r)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Autoantibodies Profile in Vitiligo

Hamid¹,

Bitsue²,

Mirshafiey³

2015

Pigmentary Disorders

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Vitiligo is one of the disease which is yet to understand its pathogenesis, however many studies associate this disease as an autoimmune. Detection of autoimmune cells in the serum, lesional and perilesional area of vitiligo patients gives more insight on the disease mechanism. Presence of autoantibodies against melanocytes antigens in vitiligo patients indicates an autoimmune involvement in the aetiology of the disease. Identification and characterization of vitiligo autoantibodies would pave the way for developing new laboratory test for diagnosis. Studying the autoantibodies profile can give an impression on the disease condition of vitiligo patients. We realized the need of research emphasis in this area as more is yet to be discovered. In this review we give an account on different autoantibodies and their associated autoantigens in vitiligo as another effort of providing an updated data for detail analysis.

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“…It is caused by various physical, chemical and pathogenic causes of which the overexposure to the Sun is the common cause. [1] Its frequency had increased in recent years due to depletion in ozone layer and increased exposure to Ultra Violet radiation. Though it is not harmful, it is a serious business from the view of cosmetics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TREATMENT OF HYPERPIGMENTATION USING Terminalia Catappa WITH ZEBRAFISH AS A MODEL

Kumar¹

2017

WJPPS

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Terminalia catappa is a plant known for its medicinal values. It is richin tannins and flavonoids. It is checked for the presence of the enzyme, Tyrosine Ammonia Lyase (TAL). It converts tyrosine into p-coumaric acid and eliminates non-oxidative ammonia. The crude enzyme was extracted and assay was done using tyrosine as a substrate and tested for the presence of p-coumaric acid. The absorbance value at 410 nm showed the presence of p-coumaric acid and the presence of TAL in the crude enzyme. The methanol extract of Azadirachta indica (neem) is shown to enhance the activity of TAL enzyme. The dry leaves of Azadirachta indica were extracted by methanol using Soxhlet extractor. The extract was added to the crude enzyme and the increase in activity was observed by assay. The activator-enzyme mixture was then used to study its anti-hyperpigmentation activity by using zebrafish as a model. Dechorionated embryos of zebrafish were used as in-vivo models and incubated with the activator-enzyme mixture. The decrease in pigmentation proved that it can be used as a viable drug against hyperpigmentation.

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Modifying skin pigmentation – approaches through intrinsic biochemistry and exogenous agents

Cited by 76 publications

References 120 publications

Efficacy of Conventional Laser Irradiation Versus a New Method for Gingival Depigmentation (Sieve Method): A Clinical Trial

Efficacy of Conventional Laser Irradiation Versus a New Method for Gingival Depigmentation (Sieve Method): A Clinical Trial

Autoantibodies Profile in Vitiligo

TREATMENT OF HYPERPIGMENTATION USING Terminalia Catappa WITH ZEBRAFISH AS A MODEL

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