“…Visualization techniques have been widely applied in the AEC/FM industry, including the use of nD representations of the physical artefacts and modelled facilities. Color-coding is used to cluster the information using either the layers, 3D models or domain-specific documents (Einsfeld et al, 2008;Roh et al, 2011). Similar visualization techniques are also used in FM such as color-coding to identify the maintenance and usage status.…”
Section: Research Approach and Methodologymentioning
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to describe the technical features, underlying concepts and implementation details of a novel Building Information Modeling (BIM)-integrated, graph-based platform developed to support BIM for facilities management through a usability driven visual representation of the construction operations building information exchange (COBie) spreadsheet data.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper is based on the iterative steps of design thinking and agile software development methodology. The conceptual development of the VisualCOBie platform is based on Gestalt’s principles of visual perception to facilitate usability and comprehension of the COBie data.
Findings
The paper demonstrates that Gestalt’s principles of visual perception provide a suitable conceptual as well as implementable basis for improving the usability and comprehension of COBie spreadsheets. The implemented BIM-integrated, graph-based VisualCOBie platform supports visual navigation and dynamic search, reducing the cognitive load of large spreadsheets that are common in facilities management software.
Research limitations/implications
The usability, visual search and dependencies-based search of VisualCOBie can potentially transform how we implement and use facilities and information management systems in construction, where large spreadsheets are frequently used in conjunction with BIM and other tools. VisualCOBie also provides usability-based step towards BIM for facilities management.
Originality/value
The VisualCOBie approach provides a novel user interface and information management platform. This paper may also foster a potential paradigm shift in our approach to the representation and use of information exchange standards such as COBie, which are required to facilitate the research and practice on BIM for facilities management.
“…Visualization techniques have been widely applied in the AEC/FM industry, including the use of nD representations of the physical artefacts and modelled facilities. Color-coding is used to cluster the information using either the layers, 3D models or domain-specific documents (Einsfeld et al, 2008;Roh et al, 2011). Similar visualization techniques are also used in FM such as color-coding to identify the maintenance and usage status.…”
Section: Research Approach and Methodologymentioning
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to describe the technical features, underlying concepts and implementation details of a novel Building Information Modeling (BIM)-integrated, graph-based platform developed to support BIM for facilities management through a usability driven visual representation of the construction operations building information exchange (COBie) spreadsheet data.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper is based on the iterative steps of design thinking and agile software development methodology. The conceptual development of the VisualCOBie platform is based on Gestalt’s principles of visual perception to facilitate usability and comprehension of the COBie data.
Findings
The paper demonstrates that Gestalt’s principles of visual perception provide a suitable conceptual as well as implementable basis for improving the usability and comprehension of COBie spreadsheets. The implemented BIM-integrated, graph-based VisualCOBie platform supports visual navigation and dynamic search, reducing the cognitive load of large spreadsheets that are common in facilities management software.
Research limitations/implications
The usability, visual search and dependencies-based search of VisualCOBie can potentially transform how we implement and use facilities and information management systems in construction, where large spreadsheets are frequently used in conjunction with BIM and other tools. VisualCOBie also provides usability-based step towards BIM for facilities management.
Originality/value
The VisualCOBie approach provides a novel user interface and information management platform. This paper may also foster a potential paradigm shift in our approach to the representation and use of information exchange standards such as COBie, which are required to facilitate the research and practice on BIM for facilities management.
“…Thus, we see that many visualization related research works in the AEC/FM domain contain integration of scientific and information visualization techniques, with applications ranging from construction simulation/monitoring [3][4][5] , facility maintenance 6,7 and facility operation 8,9 . There are studies in the HCI domain that look at embedding non-physically based information in 3D virtual world, with the purpose of helping user build the link between perceptual environment and the related abstract information [10][11][12] . Previous studies on the integration of scientific and information visualization from both AEC/FM and HCI domains provide various visualization techniques of displaying non-physical based information in physical based environment, such as color coding [4][5][6][7][8][9] ; text overlay 4,9 , icon 10 , or graph 7,9 , etc.…”
Section: Review Of Scientific and Information Visualiza-tion Techniqumentioning
Purpose Ongoing case studies in different facility settings revealed that current industry solutions (such as BAS and CMMS) still lack the capability to enable users to understand and interpret raw data for operation efficiency as well as plan for maintenance tasks in complex facilities efficiently. There is still a need for facility operators to put data into spatial or knowledge context and make decisions for actions during operation and maintenance (OM). Visualization is a promising aid to provide intuitive support for facility personnel while dealing with complex spatial data and large amount of raw/processed data and to enable them to respond promptly to issues that arise. This research focuses on identifying visualization requirements for facility personnel, evaluating various visualization forms for supporting OM-decisions and developing a formal approach to supporting visualization requirements. Method Two case studies and shadowing work are still ongoing in two different types of facilities (one is in a complex campus building, the other one is in a highlysensed conservatory). The purpose of these studies is to identify the inefficiencies or difficulties associated with the lack of visualization support in current OM-practice. We have identified an initial set of visualization requirements from these studies and analyzed different scientific visualization forms (e.g. 2D, 3D, desktop virtual environment, and immersive virtual environment) as well as information visualization forms (e.g. color/pattern coding, text/number overlay, graph, etc.) used in human computer interaction and architectural engineering construction and FM (facility management) domain through extensive literature review. We developed a matrix of initial set of visualization requirements for different OMtasks and visualization platforms to understand characteristics of visualization support requirements. Results & Discussion This paper provides an initial set of visualization requirements for typical tasks identified from the two case studies and a synthesis of extensive literature review on scientific and information visualization platforms that exist in the current body of knowledge. The mapping of the initial set of requirements to visualization platforms reveals that OM-work efficiency can be improved by multiple visualization forms, and the characteristics observed from this mapping can be used as a basis for a formal approach to identify applicable visualization platforms for a given task from the OM-domain.
“…In a previous publication [17], we proposed a modified virtual reality as a technique to integrate and access information in the VR visualization of the physical application domain (in our case the WWTP). This is a human-centered way of visualization, because it bridges the gap between the physical plant and the available abstract information that non-experts usually have to face.…”
One important intention of human-centered information visualization is to represent huge amounts of abstract data in a visual representation that allows even users from foreign application domains to interact with the visualization, to understand the underlying data, and finally, to gain new, application-related knowledge. The visualization will help experts as well as non-experts to link previously or isolated knowledge-items in their mental map with new insights.Our approach explicitly supports the process of linking knowledge-items with three concepts. At first, the representation of data items in an ontology categorizes and relates them. Secondly, the use of various visualization techniques visually correlates isolated items by graph-structures, layout, attachment, integration, or hyperlink techniques. Thirdly, the intensive use of visual metaphors relates a known source domain to a less known target domain. In order to realize a scenario of these concepts, we developed a visual interface for non-experts to maintain complex wastewater treatment plants. This domain-specific application is used to give our concepts a meaningful background.
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