Modified Technique for Local Cooling in Spinal Cord Injuries

Rubini, L; Colombo, Federico

doi:10.1097/00007632-198107000-00013

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Since then, there have been a number of promising experimental animal studies using similar cooling methods [1,3,4,7,9]. Recently, two other successful cooling techniques have been developed, which include using an epidural cooling catheter [34,37,42] and placing a cooling saddle directly onto the spinal cord [12,14,17,18,51]. Despite the promising results in both animal and clinical experimentation, the major disadvantages of these localized cooling protocols are the invasive techniques implemented.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical evaluation of a simple cooling pad for inducing hypothermia in the spinal cord following traumatic injury

Smith

Zhu

2009

Med Biol Eng Comput

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The Pennes bioheat equation and finite element method (FEM) are used to solve for the temperature distributions in the spinal cord and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) during 30 min of cooling for spinal cord injury (SCI) patients. The average CSF and spinal cord temperatures are reduced by 3.48 and 2.72 degrees C, respectively. The 100-mm wide pad provides the desired cooling and uses the least amount of material. The presence of zero-average CSF oscillation under normal conditions decreases the cooling extent in the spinal cord due to the introduction of warm CSF surrounding the spinal cord. The temperature decrease in the spinal cord is more than doubled when the temperature at the back of the torso is lowered from 20 to 0 degrees C. Spinal cord ischemia, often observed after traumatic spinal cord injury, promotes cooling penetration. The proposed technique can reduce the spinal cord temperature by 2 degrees C within 30 min and may be a feasible treatment for traumatic SCI.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical evaluation of a simple cooling pad for inducing hypothermia in the spinal cord following traumatic injury

Smith

Zhu

2009

Med Biol Eng Comput

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Theoretical Evaluation of a Simple Cooling Pad Inducing Hypothermia in the Spinal Cord Following Traumatic Injury

Smith

Zhu

2009

ASME 2009 Summer Bioengineering Conference, Parts a and B

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Although significant damage is caused by the mechanics of the traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI), secondary injury that follows is often times even more dangerous. It occurs within the first 12–24 hours following the injury and can last up to 5–10 days, depending on the severity of the injury [1]. Secondary injury causes physiological disturbances that disrupt the body’s homeostasis like initiating a cellular inflammatory response at the injury site and increasing the release of free radicals. An overabundance of free radicals contributes to tissue ischemia, cerebral edema, and disruption of the spine-blood barrier. The use of hypothermia (<35°C) as a therapeutic agent has been shown effective in providing neuroprotection from secondary injury [2]. Research has shown the benefits of hypothermia include decreasing oxygen consumption, free radical generation, neurotransmitter release, inflammation, and metabolic demands [3–5]. Even a temperature decrease of 1–2°C can be beneficial at the cellular level [4,6]. However, these studies use techniques that can be invasive. This research evaluates the effectiveness of using a non-invasive cooling pad on the torso to reduce the spinal cord temperature by at least 2°C.

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Modified Technique for Local Cooling in Spinal Cord Injuries

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Theoretical evaluation of a simple cooling pad for inducing hypothermia in the spinal cord following traumatic injury

Theoretical evaluation of a simple cooling pad for inducing hypothermia in the spinal cord following traumatic injury

Theoretical Evaluation of a Simple Cooling Pad Inducing Hypothermia in the Spinal Cord Following Traumatic Injury

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