Modified pencil graphite electrode as a low-cost glucose sensor

Prasertying, Paithoon; Yamkesorn, Matinee; Chimsaard, Kaweekarn; Thepsuparungsikul, Nichanan; Chaneam, Sumonmarn; Kalcher, Kurt; Chaisuksant, Rasamee

doi:10.1016/j.jsamd.2020.07.004

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Recently, pencil lead (PL), which is usually made from stacked graphite, has drawn much attention in developing low-cost sensors because of its ready availability and ease of modification [ 62 , 63 ]. In this study, we modified an inexpensive PL with electrochemically synthesized PEDOT film and explored its application in the detection of hydroquinone (HQ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of an Extremely Cheap Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Modified Pencil Lead Electrode for Effective Hydroquinone Sensing

Chen

et al. 2021

Polymers

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Hydroquinone (HQ) is one of the major deleterious metabolites of benzene in the human body, which has been implicated to cause various human diseases. In order to fabricate a feasible sensor for the accurate detection of HQ, we attempted to electrochemically modify a piece of common 2B pencil lead (PL) with the conductive poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) or PEDOT film to construct a PEDOT/PL electrode. We then examined the performance of PEDOT/PL in the detection of hydroquinone with different voltammetry methods. Our results have demonstrated that PEDOT film was able to dramatically enhance the electrochemical response of pencil lead electrode to hydroquinone and exhibited a good linear correlation between anodic peak current and the concentration of hydroquinone by either cyclic voltammetry or linear sweep voltammetry. The influences of PEDOT film thickness, sample pH, voltammetry scan rate, and possible chemical interferences on the measurement of hydroquinone have been discussed. The PEDOT film was further characterized by SEM with EDS and FTIR spectrum, as well as for stability with multiple measurements. Our results have demonstrated that the PEDOT modified PL electrode could be an attractive option to easily fabricate an economical sensor and provide an accurate and stable approach to monitoring various chemicals and biomolecules.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of an Extremely Cheap Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Modified Pencil Lead Electrode for Effective Hydroquinone Sensing

Chen

et al. 2021

Polymers

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“…1 Carbon-based sensors have been widely used for electrochemical analysis due to their porosity, high electrical conductivity, electroactive surface, favoring mass transport and fast electron transfer processes in electroanalytical applications. [10][11][12] In this sense, pencil graphite electrodes (PGEs) add several advantages such as cost-effectiveness, commercial availability, disposability, ease of modication, good sensitivity and reproducibility, and easier cleaning or surface reconditioning step through polishing. 10,13,14 In addition, the PGE has been used for the development of (bio)sensors with applications for the monitoring of metals, 15 pharmaceuticals, 16,17 glucose 18 and various other substances of clinical, environmental and food interest.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A pencil graphite-based disposable device for electrochemical monitoring of sulfanilamide in honey and water samples

et al. 2022

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“…[ 15–17 ] HB and B labels are used for hardnesses and darknesses of pencil leads identifications, and scale numbers show the graphite/clay ratios. [ 18 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[15][16][17] HB and B labels are used for hardnesses and darknesses of pencil leads identifications, and scale numbers show the graphite/clay ratios. [18] Various methods are available for the determination of rapamycin in different types of samples. These include liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC MS/ MS), [19][20][21] high performance liquid chromatography/UV-Vis (HPLC/UV), [22,23] HPLC/tandem mass spectrometry, [24,25] and directly coupling solid phase micro extraction to mass spectrometry via the microfluidic open interface (Bio-SPME-MOI-MS/MS).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a voltammetric method for the determination of rapamycin in pharmaceutical samples at pretreated pencil graphite electrode

Karaboduk

2021

J Chinese Chemical Soc

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This paper describes an electroanalytical method for the determination of rapamycin using a pretreated pencil graphite electrode (P‐PGE) by differential pulse voltammetry. The electrodes were successfully characterized by cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared. The influences of instrumental and chemical parameters were investigated and optimized for the determination of rapamycin. Oxidation peak current obtained for rapamycin at P‐PGE was 10.5 times higher than that obtained for PGE. In pH = 3.0 H3PO4, a well‐defined irreversible anodic peak occurred at 1.07 V, which was attributed to the electro‐oxidation of rapamycin at P‐PGE. Under optimized conditions, the oxidation peak current of rapamycin was linear with its concentration in the range of 0.01–250 μmol/L, and the detection limit was 0.0075 μmol/L (S/N = 3). Also, the P‐PGE exhibited good reproducibility (relative SD [RSD] = 2.17% for 10 electrodes at different times using the same procedure), repeatability (RSD = 2.09% for 10 measurements with same electrode), and stability (95.80% for 10 days). The P‐PGE was simple to prepare and the method was successfully applied for the determination of rapamycin in spiked and real samples. In addition, for comparison, high‐performance liquid chromatographic method with ultraviolet (UV) detector was used for the determination of rapamycin.

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Modified pencil graphite electrode as a low-cost glucose sensor

Cited by 15 publications

References 29 publications

Fabrication of an Extremely Cheap Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Modified Pencil Lead Electrode for Effective Hydroquinone Sensing

Fabrication of an Extremely Cheap Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Modified Pencil Lead Electrode for Effective Hydroquinone Sensing

A pencil graphite-based disposable device for electrochemical monitoring of sulfanilamide in honey and water samples

Development of a voltammetric method for the determination of rapamycin in pharmaceutical samples at pretreated pencil graphite electrode

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