Modified Nanocarbons for Catalysis

Abstract

Nanocarbons represent useful scaffolds in the preparation of last generation nanostructured catalysts, and their chemical functionalization through covalent or non‐covalent modification is becoming an important tool for introducing well‐distributed anchoring points and, in the meantime, could be the first step toward the assembling of hybrid nanostructured materials with a hierarchical order. In this Review are reported synthesis and catalytic applications of chemically modified nanocarbons such as fullerene, carbon nanotubes, graphene, nanohorns and nanodiamonds in organocatalytic and metal‐based (metal nanoparticles, organometallic complexes) reactions, covering major chemical reactions encompassing, the oxidation of alcohols, aldehydes, olefins, and silanes, hydrogenation reactions of aldehydes, ketones, and alkenes, dehydrogenative coupling of silanes, C−C coupling reactions, epoxidation of alkenes, CO2 fixation into cyclic carbonates, and asymmetric reactions, among others.

Templating effect of carbon nanoforms on highly cross‐linked imidazolium network: Catalytic activity of the resulting hybrids with Pd nanoparticles

“…By virtue of their structure, CNHs are very intriguing materials that share some features and chemistry resembling both that of fullerenes, due to the presence of the closed tips, and that of single‐walled CNTs, thanks to their elongated shape. Among the possible applications of CNFs, catalysis is one of the most interesting emerging fields . In this context, transition metals catalyzed C‐C coupling reactions play a central role both in academia and for synthesis of fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals.…”

Hybrid Catalysts for CO2 Conversion into Cyclic Carbonates

“…[84][85][86][87][88]. In recent years, CNFs emerged as suitable support for heterogeneous catalytic materials, due to their high chemical inertness, thermal stability, and mechanical resistance, along with an unconventional lightness [89]. In addition, CNFs are nanoobjects with well-defined structure and dimensions often displaying sharp size distribution, which allows for a homogeneous dispersion of the functionalities and active sites all over their surface, giving rise to reproducible properties.…”

Pd nanoparticles confined in mesoporous N-doped carbon silica supports: a synergistic effect between catalyst and support

“…The physicochemical properties of carbon materials can be changed by functionalization or by doping them with heteroatoms such as nitrogen, sulfur, boron and phosphorous. [21][22][23][24] In the last decade, nitrogen-doped carbon and nitrogen-functionalized materials have become an exciting topic in catalysis due to the possibility of explored new metalfree catalytic processes and new catalyst supports. [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39] As example, it has been reported that nitrogen atoms in a carbon matrix can increase the interaction between metal nanoparticles and the support, change the electronic properties of the support and finally modifying the adsorption energies of the reactants and products.…”