Modified Nanocarbons as Catalysts in Organic Processes

Campisciano, Vincenzo; Gruttadauria, Michelangelo; Giacalone, Francesco

doi:10.1002/9783527817290.ch3

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…An interesting tethering new chemistry is that used for grafting ethynyl ferrocen covalently onto a glassy carbon electrode via a Diels-Alder reaction; the resulting material was successfully tested for reversible electro redox conversions (Figure ). In general, carbon-based supports have become popular for uses in this type of molecular catalyst tethering . An example of yet another kind of support is that of the aminosilane-grafted SiO 2 –ZrO 2 polyamide-imide hollow fibers developed to promote the tandem conversion of glucose or fructose to HMF .…”

Section: Immobilization Of Homogeneous Catalysts On Surfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing Sites in Heterogeneous Catalysis: Are We Reaching Selectivities Competitive With Those of Homogeneous Catalysts?

Zaera

2022

Chem. Rev.

179

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A critical review of different prominent nanotechnologies adapted to catalysis is provided, with focus on how they contribute to the improvement of selectivity in heterogeneous catalysis. Ways to modify catalytic sites range from the use of the reversible or irreversible adsorption of molecular modifiers to the immobilization or tethering of homogeneous catalysts and the development of well-defined catalytic sites on solid surfaces. The latter covers methods for the dispersion of single-atom sites within solid supports as well as the use of complex nanostructures, and it includes the post-modification of materials via processes such as silylation and atomic layer deposition. All these methodologies exhibit both advantages and limitations, but all offer new avenues for the design of catalysts for specific applications. Because of the high cost of most nanotechnologies and the fact that the resulting materials may exhibit limited thermal or chemical stability, they may be best aimed at improving the selective synthesis of high value-added chemicals, to be incorporated in organic synthesis schemes, but other applications are being explored as well to address problems in energy production, for instance, and to design greener chemical processes. The details of each of these approaches are discussed, and representative examples are provided. We conclude with some general remarks on the future of this field.

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Section: Immobilization Of Homogeneous Catalysts On Surfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing Sites in Heterogeneous Catalysis: Are We Reaching Selectivities Competitive With Those of Homogeneous Catalysts?

Zaera

2022

Chem. Rev.

179

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“…More effective catalysts can be made by exploring new materials such as catalysts with immobilised enzymes as active sites [159][160][161][162] or even isolated single-atom-site catalysts. [163][164][165] Immobilised enzymes could make biochemical routes more efficient, while the isolated singleatom site catalysts could ensure maximum utilisation of metal atoms and the metal-support interface compared to bulk materials with a lower surface area and lower distribution of active sites.…”

Section: Challenges and Prospectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conversion of glycerol to acrylic acid: a review of strategies, recent developments and prospects

Abubakar,

Bansod,

Forster

et al. 2023

React. Chem. Eng.

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“…More specifically, some features of CNFs, namely outstanding mechanical strength, as well as the possibility of their functionalization, are responsible for certain applications concerning the preparation of CNT-reinforced composites [ 8 , 9 , 10 ] or their use as a support for catalysts [ 11 , 12 ]. CNFs can be functionalized through non-covalent bonding [ 13 , 14 , 15 ], or through a defined portfolio of chemical reactions that offer the possibility of introducing specific functional groups [ 12 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study on the Stability of Carbon Nanoforms–Polyimidazolium Network Hybrids in the Conversion of CO2 into Cyclic Carbonates: Increase in Catalytic Activity after Reuse

et al. 2021

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Three different carbon nanoforms (CNFs), single-walled and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs, MWCNTs) and carbon nanohorns (CNHs), have been used as supports for the direct polymerization of variable amounts of a bis-vinylimidazolium salt. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed that all CNFs act as templates on the growth of the polymeric network, which perfectly covers the nanocarbons forming a cylindrical (SWCNTs, MWCNTs) or spherical (CNHs) coating. The stability of these hybrid materials was investigated in the conversion of CO2 into cyclic carbonate under high temperature and CO2 pressure. Compared with the homopolymerized monomer, nanotube-based materials display an improved catalytic activity. Beside the low catalytic loading (0.05–0.09 mol%) and the absence of Lewis acid co-catalysts, all the materials showed high TON values (up to 1154 for epichlorohydrin with SW-1:2). Interestingly, despite the loss of part of the polymeric coating for crumbling or peeling, the activity increases upon recycling of the materials, and this behaviour was ascribed to their change in morphology, which led to materials with higher surface areas and with more accessible catalytic sites. Transmission electron microscopy analysis, along with different experiments, have been carried out in order to elucidate these findings.

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Modified Nanocarbons as Catalysts in Organic Processes

Cited by 4 publications

References 75 publications

Designing Sites in Heterogeneous Catalysis: Are We Reaching Selectivities Competitive With Those of Homogeneous Catalysts?

Designing Sites in Heterogeneous Catalysis: Are We Reaching Selectivities Competitive With Those of Homogeneous Catalysts?

Conversion of glycerol to acrylic acid: a review of strategies, recent developments and prospects

A Study on the Stability of Carbon Nanoforms–Polyimidazolium Network Hybrids in the Conversion of CO2 into Cyclic Carbonates: Increase in Catalytic Activity after Reuse

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