Modified microelectrode interfaces for in-line electrochemical monitoring of ethanol in fermentation processes

Control of alcoholic fermentation in winemaking: Current situation and prospect

“…Fermentation monitoring. Several methods for on-line fermentation monitoring have been proposed: density measurement (El-Haloui, Picque, & Corrieu, 1988), ethanol concentration (Warriner et al, 2002) and measurement of the CO 2 produced . CO 2 measurement is particularly promising because it provides on-line estimations of density, sugar or ethanol concentration and calculates the instantaneous fermentation rate.…”

Ionic liquids used as QCM coating materials for the detection of alcohols

“…But these sensors can be used in particular occasions. For example, they can be used as ethanol sensor for measurement of breath alcohol concentration by police agencies, since the QCM sensor shows merits of high sensitivity, drastically reduced cost, size, and power consumption, compared to the currently used ethanol sensors such as electrochemical sensors [46], semiconductor sensors [47], or IR spectroscopy technique [48]. They can also be used as methanol sensor for quality control of oxygenated fuels which is a mixture of methanol and gasoline with certain ratio.…”

Miniaturization of electroanalytical systems

“…In the former case the voltammetric signal can be multiplied while preserving the unique transport characteristics of single microelectrodes provided that the interelectrode spacing is large enough to avoid overlapping of the diffusion layers. This type of microelectrode arrays is important for analytical applications where it might be difficult to handle very small voltammetric signals [9]. Arrays of individually addressable microelectrodes enable multicomponent analysis or spatially resolved studies.…”