Modified leaf biomass for Pb(II) removal from aqueous solution: Application of response surface methodology

Suguna, Madala; Mudumala, Veera Narayana Reddy; Sreenivasulu, Vudagandla; Krishnaiah, A.

doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2015.06.025

Cited by 36 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The C max value of Pb(II) ions by the nZVI/rGO composites was higher than that of various materials reported in the previous studies suggesting the great application potential of nZVI/rGO composites for Pb(II) ions removal [9,26,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51]. Based on the Langmuir isotherm, the C max of Pb(II) ions by the nZVI/rGO composites was calculated to be 910 mg/g, which was close to the experimental value.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Synthesis and Characterization of Reduced Graphene Oxide-Supported Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron (nZVI/rGO) Composites Used for Pb(II) Removal

Fan

et al. 2016

Materials

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Reduced graphene oxide-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI/rGO) composites were prepared by chemical deposition method and were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, N2-sorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Operating parameters for the removal process of Pb(II) ions, such as temperature (20–40 °C), pH (3–5), initial concentration (400–600 mg/L) and contact time (20–60 min), were optimized using a quadratic model. The coefficient of determination (R2 > 0.99) obtained for the mathematical model indicates a high correlation between the experimental and predicted values. The optimal temperature, pH, initial concentration and contact time for Pb(II) ions removal in the present experiment were 21.30 °C, 5.00, 400.00 mg/L and 60.00 min, respectively. In addition, the Pb(II) removal by nZVI/rGO composites was quantitatively evaluated by using adsorption isotherms, such as Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models, of which Langmuir isotherm gave a better correlation, and the calculated maximum adsorption capacity was 910 mg/g. The removal process of Pb(II) ions could be completed within 50 min, which was well described by the pseudo-second order kinetic model. Therefore, the nZVI/rGO composites are suitable as efficient materials for the advanced treatment of Pb(II)-containing wastewater.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Synthesis and Characterization of Reduced Graphene Oxide-Supported Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron (nZVI/rGO) Composites Used for Pb(II) Removal

Fan

et al. 2016

Materials

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“…Madala et al [34] studied the morphology of Tephrosia purpuria leaves biosorbent. The unmodified (Fig.…”

Section: Tephrosia Purpuriamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…b SEM image of coconut leaves activated carbon after adsorption at ×3000 magnification [33] Fig. 7 a SEM image of raw Tephrosia purpuria leaves biosorbent at ×500 magnification [34]. b SEM image of modified Tephrosia purpuria leaves biosorbent at ×500 magnification [34].…”

Section: Tephrosia Purpuriamentioning

confidence: 99%

A mini-review of the morphological properties of biosorbents derived from plant leaves

Ighalo

Adeniyi

2020

SN Appl. Sci.

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A key feature of biosorption studies is the utilisation of different analytical techniques to evaluate several aspects of the process. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is used to study the morphology features of biosorbents. In this mini-review, research efforts by scientists in evaluating the morphological properties of plant leaves biosorbents was discussed. The way in which results have been interpreted and what inferences have been deduced was also discussed. Biosorbents obtained from plant leaves generally possess heterogeneous and irregular surface containing a variety of cavities, holes, voids, cracks, interstices and convolutions. NaOH pre-treatment (also known as mercerisation) helps to remove lignin and oil from the biomass as well as increasing the roughness of the base cellulose. Smoother surfaces with fewer features are observed after sorption of some chemical species (be it pollutants or a modification agent). It was observed that impregnation with nanoparticles usually leads to nanoparticle macro-clusters observable at high resolutions while any previously observed cavities, holes, ruptures and voids tends to disappear. Carbonisation and calcination gives a more porous adsorbent. Chemical modification despite reducing the total surface area of the adsorbent can actually increase the adsorption capacity due to adjustments in functional groups, effects on the solution chemistry and the improvement of the inherent affinity of the biosorbent due to the modification. SEM analysis is even more important in recent times where the functionalisation of adsorbents and biosorbents is a common practice.

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“…Muhtaseb et al used date pits as the starting material for the preparation of activated carbon and they showed that the sorbent can be used for Al(III) sorption at low pH, though sorption capacities were quite low (close to 0.3 mg Al g −1 ). The Langmuir model was also reported to be the most adequate for describing sorption isotherms …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sorption of Hg(II) and Zn(II) ions using lignocellulosic sorbent (date pits)

2017

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This work focuses on the study of Hg(II) and Zn(II) sorption using pristine date pits. The effect of pH is evaluated before considering the influence of both temperature and contact time on sorption efficiency. Sorption isotherms are also determined and modelled using conventional models such as Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin‐Radushkevich (D‐R) equations. The best fit was obtained with the Langmuir equation and maximum sorption capacities reached 38.5 and 52.6 mg · g−1, for Hg(II) and Zn(II), respectively. An analysis of the temperature effect by the Gibbs equation showed that the sorption is exothermic and spontaneous. The mean free energy of sorption (obtained from D‐R equation) confirms that metal binding occurs through a chemical ion‐exchange mechanism. The kinetic profiles can be accurately fitted with the pseudo‐second order rate equation. Complementary analyses (using FTIR spectrometry and SEM‐EDX analysis) confirm that ion‐exchange is the main binding mechanism, though a contribution of surface complexation cannot be neglected.

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Modified leaf biomass for Pb(II) removal from aqueous solution: Application of response surface methodology

Cited by 36 publications

References 34 publications

Synthesis and Characterization of Reduced Graphene Oxide-Supported Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron (nZVI/rGO) Composites Used for Pb(II) Removal

Synthesis and Characterization of Reduced Graphene Oxide-Supported Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron (nZVI/rGO) Composites Used for Pb(II) Removal

A mini-review of the morphological properties of biosorbents derived from plant leaves

Sorption of Hg(II) and Zn(II) ions using lignocellulosic sorbent (date pits)

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