Modified Ferrocenes as Primary Driers for Formulations of Alkyd Paints

Abstract

The effect of modification of benzoylferrocene periphery on catalytic activity toward drying of alkyd resins has been investigated by the combination of experimental techniques. A series of substituted ferrocenes have been synthesized and characterized by analytical and spectroscopic tools including X-ray diffraction analysis on single crystals. The electrochemical behavior of the ferrocene derivatives has been elucidated by cyclic voltammetry and rotation disk voltammetry. The activity toward room temperature curing of alkyd resin has been evaluated by standard mechanical tests on coated plates, which enabled to establish a structure/catalytic activity relationship. Fast drying of test coatings has been observed for formulations of (3-methoxybenzoyl) ferrocene. Time-resolved infrared spectroscopy in combination with attenuated total reflectance sampling technique enabled to reveal the kinetic origin of the improved performance for this ferrocene derivative.

Recent advances on ferrocene-based photoinitiating systems

“…Thus, a severe reduction of the photoinitiating ability was determined for the mono-substituted ferrocenes compared to the disubstituted ones, with a 3-to-10-fold elongation of the reaction times. It has to be noticed that, recently, benzoylferrocenes have been revisited in the context of air-drying paints, [225] in replacement of the well-established but contested cobalt, [226][227][228][229] manganese [230][231] and vanadium [232][233][234][235][236][237]-based catalysts, classically used as primary driers for alkyd resins. However, if the ability of benzoylferrocenes to act as driers was demonstrated, no investigation of the chemical mechanism was carried out in this work.…”

Photoactive Fe Catalyst for Light-Triggered Alkyd Paint Curing

“… 18 Although these catalysts are effective in reducing the curing time, the cured films have a (final) hardness much lower than that in films cured with Co-based driers. 16 More recently, ferrocene and its substituted analogues, 19 in particular, acyl-substituted ferrocenes such as benzoyl ferrocene, 20 have also shown good performance. Their reactivity in alkyd curing is ascribed to the ferrocene/ferrocenium redox couple by analogy to the Co 2+ /Co 3+ cycle proposed for cobalt-based catalysts ( Scheme 1 ).…”

Helmet Phthalocyaninato Iron Complex as a Primary Drier for Alkyd Paints

“…The field of iron-based primary driers is currently focused mainly on commercial iron bispidine complex, known under the trademark Borchi OXY-Coat, which performs at very low concentrations compared to Co-2EH [ 24 , 25 ], and its congeners with increased solubility in organic solvents [ 26 , 27 ]. Considerable attention has further been given to iron complexes with polydentate N -chelators [ 14 ] and ferrocene derivatives bearing electron-withdrawing substituents [ 28 , 29 ]. The activity of monocyclopentadienyl compounds [(η 5 -C 5 H 5 )Fe(CO) 2 I], [{(η 5 -C 5 H 5 )Fe(CO)} 2 (μ-CO) 2 ] and [(η 5 -C 5 H 5 )Fe(η 5 -C 6 H 7 )] has been reported in patent literature [ 30 ].…”