Modified Electrodes with Switchable Selectivity for Cationic and Anionic Redox Species

Tam, Tsz Kin; Pita, Marcos; Motornov, Mikhail; Tokarev, Ihor; Minko, Sergiy; Katz, Evgeny

doi:10.1002/elan.200900442

Cited by 57 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] The integration of stimuli-responsive interfaces in these devices allows their operation as electrochemical gates, switching on and off or tuning the rate of the interfacial reaction to control and regulate mass transport, adhesive and, more importantly, electrochemical properties. [8][9][10][11][12][13] Herein, we aim to address the design and development of pH-encoded bio-catalysis by employing pH-responsive poly(4-vinyl pyridine) (P4VP) graphene oxide bio-interfaces ( pH Gr) to control and regulate enzyme-based molecular interaction. Using electrochemical methods, we demonstrate that the interfacial electrochemical properties can be controlled by the relatively modest changes in the pH of the medium.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

pH-induced on/off-switchable graphene bioelectronics

2015

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Switchable interfaces can deliver functionally reversible reactivity with their corresponding analytes, which allows one to positively respond to the activity of biological elements, including enzymes and other biomolecules, through an encoded stimulus. We have realized this by the design of stimuli-responsive graphene interfaces for the pH-encoded operation of bioelectronics. Herein, we have demonstrated stimuli-responsive graphene interfaces for the pH-encoded operation of bioelectronics. The resulting switchable interfaces are capable of the highly specific, on-demand operation of biosensors, which has significant potential in a wide range of analytical applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

pH-induced on/off-switchable graphene bioelectronics

2015

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“…pH-sensitive polymer brushes [88] tethered to electrode surfaces demonstrated pH-switchable interfacial behavior when a neutral state of the polyelectrolyte was impermeable for ionic redox species, keeping the electrode mute, while the ionized state of the polymer brush was permeable for ionic redox species of the opposite charge, allowing their access to the conducting support and activating the electrochemical process [19,90,91]. Protonation-deprotonation of the polymer brush was controlled by the pH value, which could be changed in the bulk solution [19,90,91] or varied locally at the interface by means of electrochemistry (Section 14.4) [82,83].…”

Section: Chemically/biochemically Switchable Electrodes and Their Coumentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Protonation-deprotonation of the polymer brush was controlled by the pH value, which could be changed in the bulk solution [19,90,91] or varied locally at the interface by means of electrochemistry (Section 14.4) [82,83]. Further sophistication of the pH-switchable interfaces was achieved by electrode modification with mixed-polymer systems [19,90,91]. (Figure 14.7b,c) [90,91].…”

Section: Chemically/biochemically Switchable Electrodes and Their Coumentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further sophistication of the pH-switchable interfaces was achieved by electrode modification with mixed-polymer systems [19,90,91]. (Figure 14.7b,c) [90,91]. This switchable/tunable behavior of the modified interface was considered as a prototype of future on-demand drug releasing systems [90] and as a 2-to-1 multiplexer for unconventional chemical information-processing systems [91].…”

Section: Chemically/biochemically Switchable Electrodes and Their Coumentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrode Interfaces Switchable by Physical and Chemical Signals Operating as a Platform for Information Processing

Katz

2012

Molecular and Supramolecular Information Processing

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IntroductionModified electrodes functionalized with various organic monolayers and thin films attached to their conducting surfaces have found numerous applications in electrocatalysis, sensors, and fuel cells [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Particularly, active research was directed to the applications of modified electrodes in different bioelectrochemical systems [8,9], including biosensors [10-13] and biofuel cells [14][15][16][17]. In the past decade, different modified electrodes functionalized with signal-responsive molecules [18], polymers [19], or supramolecular complexes [20] were developed to ''switch on demand'' electrochemical properties of electrode surfaces. Their applications in switchable biosensors [21], fuel cells [22], and electrochemical systems processing information [23] have been suggested. Various physical and/or chemical signals as well as their combinations were used to switch electrochemical properties of the modified interfaces between active and inactive states for specific electrochemical, electrocatalytic, and bioelectrocatalytic reactions. Light signals (irradiation of electrodes with visible or ultraviolet light) [24-31], magnetic field applied at electrode surfaces loaded with magnetic particles or magnetic nanowires [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43], and electrical potentials producing chemical changes at the electrode surfaces [44][45][46][47][48] were used to reversibly alternate electrochemical properties of the modified electrodes. Chemical [29,[49][50][51] or biochemical [52] signals resulting in reversible changes of the interfacial properties were also used to switch the electrode activity ON/OFF for specific electrochemical transformations. The present chapter gives an overview of different signal-responsive electrochemical interfaces, emphasizing the importance of scaling up the complexity of the signal-processing systems and their applications in unconventional information-processing systems.

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“…Because of their environmental sensitivity and unique structure, these polymeric hydrogels have been employed in a variety of fields, e.g., in controlled drug release systems, artificial muscles, sensors, molecular recognition systems, and as specific sorbents. Their attachment to the surface of an electrode improves their usefulness in, e.g., surface patterning, construction of switchable sensors/biosensors and more [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quartz crystal microbalance electrode modified with thermoresponsive crosslinked and non-crosslinked N-isopropylacrylamide polymers. Response to changes in temperature

Marcisz

Karbarz

Stojek

2016

J Solid State Electrochem

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Electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) electrode was modified with environmentally sensitive polymers. The polymer layers on the electrode were compos ed of eithe r crosslinke d or no n-crosslink ed thermoresponsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide). For anchoring thin gel films on the electrode surface, the electrochemically induced free radical polymerization (EIFRP) was employed. The electroreduction of the peroxydisulfate anion led to generation of free radical. This radical initiated the free radical polymerization process that led to the formation of a thin gel layer attached to the electrode surface. To monitor in situ the growth of the polymer film the changes in resonant frequency of the quartz crystal were recorded. A significant decrease in the frequency (growth of the layer) was seen in the potential range where the reduction of peroxydisulfate anion took place. The morphology of the layers was examined with a scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The phenomenon of volume phase transition (shrinking/swelling process) in the gel layers initiated by a change in temperature was investigated. Unexpected big, sharp, and of negative sign minima appeared at the change-in-frequency vs. temperature plots. These minima were not seen in the plots obtained for the polymers without linker. That situation should be useful in the investigation of chemical interactions proceeding under the conditions of volume phase transition. The influence of volume phase transition on the transport of a member of a model red-ox system, ferro-and ferricyanide couple, and therefore on height of its voltammetric response was examined. The changes in electrochemical properties of the layers induced by volume phase transition were monitored with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.

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Modified Electrodes with Switchable Selectivity for Cationic and Anionic Redox Species

Cited by 57 publications

References 46 publications

pH-induced on/off-switchable graphene bioelectronics

pH-induced on/off-switchable graphene bioelectronics

Electrode Interfaces Switchable by Physical and Chemical Signals Operating as a Platform for Information Processing

Quartz crystal microbalance electrode modified with thermoresponsive crosslinked and non-crosslinked N-isopropylacrylamide polymers. Response to changes in temperature

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