Modified DGT Devices Using Alternative Materials for the Speciation of Trace Elements in Natural Waters

Use of a Waste-Derived Linde Type-A Immobilized in Agarose for the Remediation of Water Impacted by Coal Acid Mine Drainage at Pilot Scale

“…Basically, the LTA zeolite immobilized in agarose gel was prepared from a suspension of LTA (8%, m/v) and agarose (1.5%, m/v) in ultrapure water heated at 90 ± 1 • C and stirred until suspension homogenization. This homogeneous suspension was then cooled to 55 ± 1 • C, and the gel was molded by pouring 30 mL between two glass plates, which were previously heated (~60 • C) and separated with 0.92-mm spacers to delimit thickness of the formed film [33,37,38]. The produced films were then cut into slices (Figure 1a,b) and dried at room temperature for 72 h (Figure 1c,d).…”

A simple, green and low-cost agarose-based binding layer for simultaneous determination of cations and anions in aquatic systems using DGT

“…9 Data reporting D of anions and cations using agarose hydrogels as the diffusive layer, even if the concept of “apparent” D needs to be used, are very useful as they avoid additional experiments to find D before DGT in situ applications. Agarose hydrogels have been used in place of polyacrylamide gels as a support for unconventional binding agents such as the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae for Cd, 29 Pb 30 and CH 3 –Hg 28 determination; activated charcoal for Au determination; 31 montmorillonite clay (K10) for Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn determination; 32 functionalized polyethyleneimines for As and Se determination; 33 residual biomass for Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn determination. 34,35 Although mainly used to support unconventional binding phases, agarose gel, to the best of our knowledge, has not been used to support recent “broad spectrum” binding agents ( e.g.…”