Modified copper zinc ferrite nanoparticles doped with Zr ions for hyperthermia applications

Abstract

The problem of the present work is to synthesize a nanomagnetic material with low TC below 45 °C and its particle size below 30 nm to be appropriate material for convert magnetic loss into heat energy. A series of Cu0.4Zn0.6+yZryFe2–2yO4 nanoparticles compositions where y = (0.05, 0.1) were synthesized via citrate sol–gel method. The prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The grains were observed from SEM confirming the crystalline structure of the ferrite which was detected by X-ray diffraction. Magnetic hysteresis loop measurements illustrate that materials exhibit soft magnetic properties at low Zr content, while at higher Zr content all materials behave as superparamagnetically without any saturation magnetization Ms. The initial magnetic permeability ($${\mu }_{i}$$ μ i ) at frequency 10 kHz as a function of temperature was measured. A sudden change in $${\mu }_{i}$$ μ i appears around Curie temperature, making our samples good candidates for magnetic temperature transducer (MTT) devices. The DC resistivity for sample at y = 0.05, 0.1 was studied. The resistivity decreases linearly with increasing temperature within the given range of temperature up to 666 K for all samples. The dielectric constant of all samples is nearly independent on temperature through the range of 450 to 600 K which is a common character of ferrites. The dielectric loss was found to increase by increasing temperature, which may be related to the increase in AC conductivity. Hyperthermia measurements show the maximum specific power loss and temperature increase were 26 w/gr and 43 °C, respectively, for sample containing Zr = 0.05, after 2 min of measurements. One of the real applications of the material is that it is used as an effective method in tumor treatment by exposing the patient to external magnetic field.

Magnetic hyperthermia in cancer therapy, mechanisms, and recent advances: A review

“…Several other types of magnetic nanoparticles have also been utilized in magnetic hyperthermia including iron, 46 magnesium alloys, 79 Ni alloys, 80 Ni-Cr alloy, 81 Ni-Si and Ni-Al, 82 Fe-Ni alloys, 83 Fe-Co alloy, 47 FeNiCo alloys, 84 Ni-Cu alloys, 85,86 Fe-Al alloy, 87 Fe-Au alloys, 88,89 Fe 3 C nanoparticles, 71 Fe-Cr-Nb-B alloy, 90 Fe–Mn–Gd ferrite, 91 hematite (α-Fe 2 O 3 ) and nickel ferrite, 92 cobalt ferrite, 93–105 cobalt zinc ferrite, 106–111 Zn‐Mg ferrite, 112 Mg 0.7 Zn 0.3 Fe 2 O 4 nanocrystals, 113 manganese ferrite , 44,114–118 ZnMn ferrite, 119–124 magnesium ferrite, 125–128 zinc ferrite, 45,129–133 Zn–Ni spinel ferrite, 134 Zn-doped spinel Fe 3 O 4 , 135 nickel ferrite, 136 copper ferrite, 137 copper zinc ferrite, 138 and γ-Fe 2 O 3 . 139–144…”

Tuning Photocatalytic Efficiency through Cu Doping in Ni-Zn Ferrite Nanoparticles: Structural and Optical Characteristics

“…UV-Vis analysis was employed to explore the optical properties of the synthesized Ni-Zn nanoparticles, including both undoped and Cu-doped Ni-Zn ferrite nanoparticles. The analysis aimed to determine the bandgap energy (Eg) using the maximum transmittance wavelength, according to the equation Eg = 1240/λ max (in eV) [14]. The obtained UV-Vis spectra provided insights into the absorption behaviour of the samples across the ultraviolet and visible regions of the electromagnetic spectrum.…”

Synthesis and Investigation of Optical, Magnetic, and Thermoelectric Properties of Li0.5Zr0.5Mg0.5Fe1.5O4Spinel and First-Principles Characterization as an Electrode Material for Li-Ion Batteries

“…According to Shirsath et al, the saturation magnetization decreased with the substitution of Fe +2 by Co +2 Li 0.5 Fe 2.5 O 4 . Salem et al discovered the substitution of Fe with Zr ions in modified copper zinc ferrite compounds and found that the material exhibited a magnetic hysteresis loop typical of soft ferrite . The substance turns into a superparamagnetic substance at higher Zr contents .…”

“…15 Salem et al discovered the substitution of Fe with Zr ions in modified copper zinc ferrite compounds and found that the material exhibited a magnetic hysteresis loop typical of soft ferrite. 16 The substance turns into a superparamagnetic substance at higher Zr contents. 16 MgFe 2 O 4 is one of the most studied ferrite materials.…”

“…16 The substance turns into a superparamagnetic substance at higher Zr contents. 16 MgFe 2 O 4 is one of the most studied ferrite materials. This material has the character of an n-type semiconductor with a band gap (E g ) of 1.7−2.4 eV.…”