Modified Bacterial Toxins

Lavelle, Ed C.; Leavy, Olive; Mills, Kingston H.G.

doi:10.1007/978-1-59259-970-7_7

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 181 publications

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“…Given that the immunogenicity of antigens in inactivated and subunit vaccines is generally lower than that in live and modified live vaccines, adjuvants are primarily combined with these vaccines to elicit a more potent immune response [ 96 , 97 ]. However, it should be noted that many of the adjuvants employed in the vaccine formulations for meat-type birds may have adverse effects on the humans consuming the meat of vaccinated birds [ 98 ].…”

Section: Vaccine Adjuvantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…LPS is a TLR4 agonist that can enhance APCs to secrete cytokines, including IL-1 β , IL-12, IL-18, IL-23, and IL-27. These cytokines trigger the activation of Th1 cells, which consequently promote both cellular and humoral immunity against different viruses and other intracellular pathogens [ 97 ]. Likewise, CpG ODN interacts with TLR21 and promotes Th1 response by eliciting cytokine secretion, including IL-12 and IFN-γ.…”

Section: Vaccine Adjuvantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advances in Poultry Vaccines: Leveraging Biotechnology for Improving Vaccine Development, Stability, and Delivery

Abdelaziz,

Helmy,

Yitbarek

et al. 2024

Vaccines

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With the rapidly increasing demand for poultry products and the current challenges facing the poultry industry, the application of biotechnology to enhance poultry production has gained growing significance. Biotechnology encompasses all forms of technology that can be harnessed to improve poultry health and production efficiency. Notably, biotechnology-based approaches have fueled rapid advances in biological research, including (a) genetic manipulation in poultry breeding to improve the growth and egg production traits and disease resistance, (b) rapid identification of infectious agents using DNA-based approaches, (c) inclusion of natural and synthetic feed additives to poultry diets to enhance their nutritional value and maximize feed utilization by birds, and (d) production of biological products such as vaccines and various types of immunostimulants to increase the defensive activity of the immune system against pathogenic infection. Indeed, managing both existing and newly emerging infectious diseases presents a challenge for poultry production. However, recent strides in vaccine technology are demonstrating significant promise for disease prevention and control. This review focuses on the evolving applications of biotechnology aimed at enhancing vaccine immunogenicity, efficacy, stability, and delivery.

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Section: Vaccine Adjuvantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vaccine Adjuvantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Poultry Vaccines: Leveraging Biotechnology for Improving Vaccine Development, Stability, and Delivery

Abdelaziz,

Helmy,

Yitbarek

et al. 2024

Vaccines

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show abstract

“…Results from this research have been considerable, with five VLP-based PBVs having been commercialized and dozens having reached clinical trials (4). It is important to note, however, that recombinant PBVs are not limited to VLP formulations, as many bacterial pathogen-derived and tumor-associated antigen-derived recombinant PBVs have also been developed (5,6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designs of Antigen Structure and Composition for Improved Protein-Based Vaccine Efficacy

et al. 2020

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Today, vaccinologists have come to understand that the hallmark of any protective immune response is the antigen. However, it is not the whole antigen that dictates the immune response, but rather the various parts comprising the whole that are capable of influencing immunogenicity. Protein-based antigens hold particular importance within this structural approach to understanding immunity because, though different molecules can serve as antigens, only proteins are capable of inducing both cellular and humoral immunity. This fact, coupled with the versatility and customizability of proteins when considering vaccine design applications, makes protein-based vaccines (PBVs) one of today's most promising technologies for artificially inducing immunity. In this review, we follow the development of PBV technologies through time and discuss the antigen-specific receptors that are most critical to any immune response: pattern recognition receptors, B cell receptors, and T cell receptors. Knowledge of these receptors and their ligands has become exceptionally valuable in the field of vaccinology, where today it is possible to make drastic modifications to PBV structure, from primary to quaternary, in order to promote recognition of target epitopes, potentiate vaccine immunogenicity, and prevent antigen-associated complications. Additionally, these modifications have made it possible to control immune responses by modulating stability and targeting PBV to key immune cells. Consequently, careful consideration should be given to protein structure when designing PBVs in the future in order to potentiate PBV efficacy.

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Immune Adjuvants

Georgiev

2009

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH

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Modified Bacterial Toxins

Cited by 6 publications

References 181 publications

Advances in Poultry Vaccines: Leveraging Biotechnology for Improving Vaccine Development, Stability, and Delivery

Advances in Poultry Vaccines: Leveraging Biotechnology for Improving Vaccine Development, Stability, and Delivery

Designs of Antigen Structure and Composition for Improved Protein-Based Vaccine Efficacy

Immune Adjuvants

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