Modified Babington Nebulizer for Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry

Abstract

A PTFE Babington nebulizer equipped with a hood was investigated for inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry in conjunction with a PTFE cyclone chamber, in order to nebulize various sample solutions containing high salts, hydrofluoric acid and/or suspended solid. A hood of 3 mmφ (nozzle side) -5 mmφ (outlet side) and 6 mm in length gave a comparable or higher sensitivity compared to a system with a commercially available concentric nebulizer and a glass cyclone chamber. Moreover, the present nebulizer was fully interchangeable with a concentric one at normal argon pressure, attaining sufficient stability, a short wash-out time and good nebulizing of high matrices solutions. The present system was successfully applied to the determination of trace impurities in highly pure silica powders.

Efficient use of the NAR-1 pneumatic nebulizer in plasma spectrometry at sub-milliliter liquid consumption rates

“…The concept of the microcapillary array nebulizer is not new. [3][4][5][6][7] However, the new technology of microcapillary array production based on the multitube preform used in NAR-1 design is highly flexible with respect to the array technical parameters and allows one to obtain very reproducible array structures including reproducibility of each capillary diameter as well as smoothness of internal capillary wall. As a result, small capillary diameters demand relatively low nebulizer gas back-pressures to deliver commonly used nebulizer gas flow rates in the ICP of 0.5-1.0 L min À1 .…”

“…Other limitations of the early nebulizer designs such as clogging has led to the development of improved nebulizers by Babington 3 and Isoyama et al 4 Frit nebulizers are very efficient, however, they are not used in routine practice owing to the extremely long washout times. 5 Memory effects were lowered considerably in the glass capillary array design.…”

Atomic spectrometry update. Advances in atomic emission, absorption and fluorescence spectrometry and related techniques

“…211 Hislop and Hornbeck 212 evaluated several strategies, including the use of ''sampling accessories'', for coping with the effects of high dissolved solids in ICP-OES determinations. Isoyama et al 213 modified a PTFE Babington nebulizer (with a hood) for the determination of trace impurities in silica powders by ICP-OES. A review by Polec-Pawlak and Jarosz 214 of the evolution in the coupling of capillary electrophoresis (CE) with ICP-MS, with emphasis placed on the application to speciation analysis, is of interest, as they consider the nebulizer to be the key component.…”

Atomic spectrometry update. Environmental analysis

“…Although the sample introduction system coped with the high dissolved solids content of these solutions, radial viewing was obligatory for some elements. In this context, it should be noted that Isoyama et al 321 have designed a PTFE Babington nebuliser equipped with a hood, to operate in conjunction with a PTFE cyclone chamber, for introducing samples with high salt contents into ICP-AES instruments. Averyt and colleagues 322 developed a method for obtaining precise Sr : Ca, Sr : Ba and Ca : Ba ratios in marine barite from deep-sea sediments, after dissolution in ETDA.…”