Modifications of thyroid activity by melatonin

Baschieri, L; Luca, F.; Cramarossa, L; Martino, C. De; Oliverio, Alberto; Negri, Mariarosaria

doi:10.1007/bf02135330

Cited by 68 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Baschieri et al [4] found that melatonin administration reduced the thyroid hyper plasia obtained with methythiouracil. DeFronzo and Roth [23] reported that melatonin administration reduced thyroid weight in female rats that were pinealectomized and ovariectomized.…”

Section: Effects O F Melatonin In Rats and Micementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several investigators have reported no signifi cant effect of melatonin on thyroid weight of intact rats [6. 24].Administration of melatonin into rats via various routes (subcutaneously, intraperitoneally, intraventricularly) has been reported to inhibit iodine uptake by the thyroid gland [4, 24, 25,85]. Deprospo et al [26], who also reported inhibi tion of iodine uptake by the thyroid gland after melatonin administration, suggested an interaction of melatonin ad ministration and photoperiod.…”

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confidence: 98%

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Evidence for Pineal Gland Modulation of the Neuroendocrine-Thyroid Axis

Vriend¹

1983

Neuroendocrinology

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Experiments with rats and hamsters have provided evidence for an inhibitory action of the pineal gland on the neuroendocrine-thyroid axis. While maintenance of these animals in short photoperiod results in reduced levels of circulating thyroxin (T4), pinealectomy restores the levels to normal. Recent studies suggest that an active pineal gland produces a substance which inhibits thyrotrophin-releasing hormone release from the hypothalamus. Several investigators have concluded that endogenous melatonin, produced in the pineal gland, could account for the inhibitory action of the pineal gland on blood T4 levels. Although melatonin administration has been reported to inhibit blood T4 levels in both rats and hamsters, under certain experimental conditions melatonin administration can be demonstrated to have a counter-antithy-rotrophic effect resulting in increased blood levels of T4 and thyrotrophin. Assay of blood levels of melatonin of rats and hamsters under various experimental conditions will be necessary to distinguish physiological from pharmacological effects of melatonin. Lesion studies as well as studies with melatonin implants in the brain, suggest that the site of action is in the anterior hypothalamus. The effects of melatonin on the neuroendocrine-thyroid axis are similar to its effects on the neuroendocrine-gonadal axis, leading to the hypothesis of a common site of action for the thyroid and gonadal effects of melatonin. Although many pineal ‘factors’ have been postulated to account for the action of this gland, an action of melatonin on the serotonergic system of the brain stem could account for the data.

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Section: Effects O F Melatonin In Rats and Micementioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Evidence for Pineal Gland Modulation of the Neuroendocrine-Thyroid Axis

Vriend¹

1983

Neuroendocrinology

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“…Injection of melatonin prevented the development of thyroid hyperplasia in pinealectomized animals [12,21]. Injections of melatonin also smoothed methylthiouracyl-induced effects resulting in the development of goiter [22]. Later on, experiments with injections of melatonin into laboratory animals demonstrated that this hormone exerts significant effects on various links of the functioning of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal-thyroid axis (HHTA) [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Melatonin in the Mechanisms Underlying Neuroendocrine Control of the Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal-Thyroid Axis

2008

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The authors of this review generalize and analyze the published data, as well as their own findings, related to melatonin-mediated interaction of the pineal gland (the brain epiphysis) with the hypothalamo-hypophysealthyroid axis (HHTA). The review deals with (i) historical aspect of development of the concepts on neuroendocrine mechanisms underlying the control of functions of the thyroid gland, (ii) data on circadian and seasonal rhythms of the functioning of the epiphysis and HHTA, (iii) basic facts about direct and feedback connections between the brain epiphysis and HHTA, and (iv) overview of the experimental data on age-related changes in the epiphysis-thyroid axis.

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“…Baschieri [1963] and others have demonstrated that the pineal hormone, melatonin, has an in hibitory effect on thyroid function as evidenced by a decrease in thyroid weight and 131I uptake in rats [Baschieri et al, 1963; Reiter and Fra schini, 1969], Other work indicates that 131I uptake by the thyroid is in-…”

Section: Key Irords Pineal Thyroxine Uptake Transport Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transport Mechanisms and Thyroxine Uptake in Pineal Slices

Cady¹,

Dillman²,

Rupnik³

1971

Neuroendocrinology

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After a preliminary study showed conclusively that in vitro pineal cells avidly take up thyroid hormones but not iodide, a series of tissue slice studies using ¹²⁵I-thyroxine were conducted to investigate the mechanism of thyroxine (T₄) uptake in pineal cells. T₄ uptake was unaffected by the presence or absence of glucose and cofactors, nor was uptake inhibited by cyanide. No binding capacity for T₄ could be demonstrated, and the percent uptake of labelled T₄ actually increased with T₄ concentration up to a certain level. Uptake of the thyroid hormone was quite rapid. The temperature coefficient was determined for the uptake, and was found to fall in the range of values reported for diffusion mechanisms. On the basis of these findings, we concluded that energy dependent mechanisms of transport could be eliminated, and that some sort of mediated diffusion was the most likely mechanism for T₄ transport.

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Modifications of thyroid activity by melatonin

Cited by 68 publications

References 2 publications

Evidence for Pineal Gland Modulation of the Neuroendocrine-Thyroid Axis

Evidence for Pineal Gland Modulation of the Neuroendocrine-Thyroid Axis

Role of Melatonin in the Mechanisms Underlying Neuroendocrine Control of the Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal-Thyroid Axis

Transport Mechanisms and Thyroxine Uptake in Pineal Slices

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