Modifications of the Brunauer, Emmett and Teller Equation II<sup>1</sup>

Anderson, R. B.; Hall, W. Keith

doi:10.1021/ja01185a017

Cited by 185 publications

(140 citation statements)

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“…As it is not possible from gravimetry to distinguish conclusively adsorption and absorption, the process is referred to simply as sorption. Attempts were made to fit the data to three different sorption models: (1) 31,34,35,36,37 . A comparison of the fitting to the data using these three models is presented in the Supporting Information ( Figure S2).…”

Section: Water Vapor Sorption Isothermsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Vapor Sorption and Diffusion in Secondary Dispersion Barrier Coatings: A Critical Comparison with Emulsion Polymers

Liu

Soer

Scheerder

et al. 2015

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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The conventional method to synthesize waterborne polymer colloids is emulsion polymerization using surfactants. An emerging method is the use of secondary dispersions (SD) of polymers in water, which avoids the addition of any surfactant. Although there are numerous studies of the water barrier properties (sorption, diffusion and permeability) of waterborne emulsion (Em) polymer coatings, the properties of SD coatings, in comparison, have not been thoroughly investigated. Here, dynamic water vapor sorption analysis is used to compare the equilibrium sorption isotherms of the two forms of styrene-acrylate copolymers (Em and SD) with the same monomer composition. From an analysis of the kinetics of vapor sorption, the diffusion coefficient of water in the polymer coatings is determined. The combined effects of particle boundaries and surfactant addition were investigated through comparison of the properties of SD and Em coatings to those of (1) solvent-cast polymer coatings (of the same monomer composition), (2) Em polymers after dialysis to remove partially the water-soluble species, and (3) SD polymers with added surfactants. The results reveal that particle boundaries Materials and Interfaces (2015) 7, pp 12147-12157 2 and surfactants both increase vapor sorption. The diffusion coefficients of water are comparable in magnitude in all of the polymer systems but are inversely related to water activity because of molecular clustering. Compared to all of the other waterborne polymer systems, the SD barrier coatings show the lowest equilibrium vapor sorption and permeability coefficient at high relative humidities and also the lowest water diffusion coefficient at low humidities. These barrier properties make SD coatings an attractive alternative to conventional emulsion polymer coatings. Published in ACS Applied

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Section: Water Vapor Sorption Isothermsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Vapor Sorption and Diffusion in Secondary Dispersion Barrier Coatings: A Critical Comparison with Emulsion Polymers

Liu

Soer

Scheerder

et al. 2015

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…In this article, Guggenheim-Anderson-de Boer (GAB) [22][23][24], Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) [25], Park [26] and n-layer BET [27] models have been used to fit the experimental data and used to generally describe the water sorption behaviour between 0.1 and 0.9 of water activity. The quality of each model has been computed in terms of root mean square error, RMSE (Eq.…”

Section: Dynamic Vapour Sorption Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermo-physical characterization of Pharmacoat® 603, Pharmacoat® 615 and Mowiol® 4-98

Perfetti

Alphazan

Wildeboer

et al. 2011

J Therm Anal Calorim

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Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) are important polymers in pharmaceutical, food and other industries being largely used as encapsulation agents. The characterization of two reference grades of HPMC (Pharmacoat Ò 603 and Pharmacoat Ò 615) and one reference grade of PVA (Mowiol Ò 4-98), through X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetry (TG) is described. Specific analyses were performed by means of dynamic vapour sorption analysis of water adsorption/ desorption from vapours at 10, 25, 40, 55 and 70°C. Guggenheim-Anderson-de Boer (GAB), Brunauer-EmmettTeller (BET), Park and n-layer BET models were successfully used to fit the experimental data. The glass transition temperature as function of water content was measured by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The experimental data were analysed according to Linear, Gordon-Taylor, Fox and Roos equations. XRD

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“…The first one is the Brunauer, Emmet and Teller (BET) model (1938) that describes only the concave portion of the curve [4]. One of the best models is the GAB model developed by Guggenheim [14], Anderson [2] and De Boer [9] (Tab. IV).…”

Section: Water Vapour Sorption Isothermsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Article

Hardy

Scher

Banon

2002

Lait

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-Water is often the main component of many food products and their stability strongly depends on water interactions with other molecules. In the case of dehydrated products and especially milk powders, their use properties (flow properties, keeping quality and reconstitution properties) are closely dependent on the modes of water binding to the other constituents (proteins and lactose in particular). The water relations of milk powders strongly depend on drying process conditions and on their composition. They are well represented by sorption isotherms. However, to understand some mechanical properties (flowing, caking) it is necessary to take into account the glassy transition phenomenon. The water activity concept, water vapour sorption isotherms and glassy transition are redefined. A brief presentation of methods for characterising water properties and measuring hydration is done. Finally, explanation of the mechanisms of lactose hydration and of its crystallographic changes allows the linking of the use properties of dairy powders to their manufacturing technology.

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Modifications of the Brunauer, Emmett and Teller Equation II¹

Cited by 185 publications

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Water Vapor Sorption and Diffusion in Secondary Dispersion Barrier Coatings: A Critical Comparison with Emulsion Polymers

Water Vapor Sorption and Diffusion in Secondary Dispersion Barrier Coatings: A Critical Comparison with Emulsion Polymers

Thermo-physical characterization of Pharmacoat® 603, Pharmacoat® 615 and Mowiol® 4-98

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Modifications of the Brunauer, Emmett and Teller Equation II1

Cited by 185 publications

References 0 publications

Water Vapor Sorption and Diffusion in Secondary Dispersion Barrier Coatings: A Critical Comparison with Emulsion Polymers

Water Vapor Sorption and Diffusion in Secondary Dispersion Barrier Coatings: A Critical Comparison with Emulsion Polymers

Thermo-physical characterization of Pharmacoat® 603, Pharmacoat® 615 and Mowiol® 4-98

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Modifications of the Brunauer, Emmett and Teller Equation II¹