Modification of wood-based materials by atom transfer radical polymerization methods

Zaborniak, Izabela; Chmielarz, Paweł; Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof

doi:10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.109253

Cited by 37 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 208 publications

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“…ATRP is catalyzed by transition metal complexes and many metals have been tested but over the years the process has been refined to use small amounts of copper complexes with polydentate amine ligands . Indeed, techniques such as initiators for continuous activator regeneration (ICAR) ATRP, activators regenerated by electron transfer (ARGET) ATRP, supplemental activator and reducing agent (SARA) ATRP, photoATRP, electrochemically mediated ATRP ( e ATRP), mechanoATRP, sono‐ATRP allowed well‐controlled polymerizations with catalyst amounts down to parts per million levels relative to the monomer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemically Mediated Aqueous Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization of N,N‐Dimethylacrylamide

et al. 2020

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Electrochemically mediated atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of N,N‐dimethylacrylamide (DMAA) catalyzed by copper complexes with polydentate amine ligands was studied systematically in water, investigating several reaction parameters such as applied potential, catalyst concentration, ligand structure, monomer and initiator concentrations. Electropolymerizations were successfully performed under both potentiostatic and galvanostatic conditions; in both eATRP modes, reactions were fast (monomer conversion >90 % in less than 1 h) and well‐controlled, providing polymers with narrow molecular weight distributions. Despite the low dispersity, chain extension attempts of the obtained polymer were not successful because of partial loss of C−Br chain‐end functionality, due to an intramolecular nucleophilic attack. This is an intrinsic drawback of ATRP of acrylamides and although the electrochemical approach allowed preparation of well‐defined polymers in a very short time (down to ca. 15 min), loss of chain‐end functionality was unavoidable.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemically Mediated Aqueous Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization of N,N‐Dimethylacrylamide

et al. 2020

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“…Reversible deactivation radical polymerization techniques are currently one of the most influential solution in the preparation of precisely defined polymers with a predetermined structure and specialist purposes 26‐28 . It is compatible for modification of a wide range of substrates, ranging from naturally derived structures 27,29‐31 going to flat surfaces 32‐35 and nanoparticles, 36‐40 receiving functional hybrid nanomaterials. In this consideration, atom transfer radical polymerization approach (ATRP) technique combined with a “core‐first” approach is especially privileged in the preparation of the architecture polymers from polyphenol compound as naturally derived cores 15,41,42 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Miniemulsion switchable electrolysis under constant current conditions

Zaborniak

Chmielarz

2020

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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Troxerutin, a naturally occurring flavonoid glycoside, has a variety of beneficial activities characteristic for flavonols, such as strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Besides the beneficial effects of troxerutin, limitations such as bioavailability have disrupted its application and prompt scientists to look for effective modification methods. This work presents the synthesis of troxerutin-based macromolecules with lipophilic poly(n-butyl acrylate) (PnBA) star arms via "core-first" procedure in a two-step synthetic route. Troxerutin as a polyphenol structure with ubiquitous reactive hydroxyl groups was for the first time modified with α-bromoisobutyryl bromide to receive an atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) initiator with 10 brominated initiation sites. The further step involved the synthesis of novel star-like macromolecules with troxerutin core and PnBA star arms by simplified electrochemically mediated ATRP (seATRP) in an environmentally friendly reaction medium-miniemulsion. Electrolysis under constant current conditions with temporal control was implemented, resulting in well-defined star-like polymers with complete preservation of chain-end functionality after restarting the synthesis. Hydrophobic properties of received troxerutin-based macromolecules were investigated by contact angles (Θ) measurements, followed by the free surface energy (FSE) calculations.

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“…Nowadays, atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) is one of the most certain and versatile route for preparing well-defined polymers with precise topology and architecture [1][2][3][4][5]. Initially, copper(I) or other transition-metals (e.g., ruthenium [6], iron [7]) were employed in the catalyst system as mediators of reversible activation/deactivation between the dormant species and propagating radicals, assuring control over the polymerization process [8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Ppm Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization in (Mini)Emulsion Systems

Surmacz

Chmielarz

2020

Materials

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In the last decade, unceasing interest in atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) has been noted, especially in aqueous dispersion systems. Emulsion or miniemulsion is a preferred environment for industrial polymerization due to easier heat dissipation and lower production costs associated with the use of water as a dispersant. The main purpose of this review is to summarize ATRP methods used in emulsion media with different variants of initiating systems. A comparison of a dual over single catalytic approache by interfacial and ion pair catalysis is presented. In addition, future development directions for these methods are suggested for better use in biomedical and electronics industries.

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Modification of wood-based materials by atom transfer radical polymerization methods

Cited by 37 publications

References 208 publications

Electrochemically Mediated Aqueous Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization of N,N‐Dimethylacrylamide

Electrochemically Mediated Aqueous Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization of N,N‐Dimethylacrylamide

Miniemulsion switchable electrolysis under constant current conditions

Low Ppm Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization in (Mini)Emulsion Systems

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