Modification of wetting properties of SiOx surfaces by Ar implantation

Chassé, Mathieu; Ross, G.G.

doi:10.1016/s0168-583x(02)00913-8

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…When the cycle time increases, the water contact angle decreases from 70° on the untreated sample to 19º on the samples treated for 500 µs. Our results are consistent with preview studies, showing that ion bombardment is an effective technique for modification of the surface contact angle [31,32].…”

Section: Contact Angle Measurementssupporting

confidence: 92%

Surface Properties and Morphology of PET Treated by Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation for Food Packaging

SantAna¹

2018

NNOA

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In this work, surface properties of PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate) modified by Plasma Immersion (PI), and Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation (PIII) were studied. Nitrogen and sulfur hexafluoride plasmas were used in a vacuum system coupled to a radiofrequency (rf) generator (13.56 MHz). Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) detected the presence of new molecular groups on the PET surface after the treatment. Measurements of the contact angle, Ɵ, revealed a strong dependence of the surface wettability on the plasma parameters, control of which allows the production of hydrophilic or hydrophobic surfaces. The ion fluence was modelled as function of the penetration depth using suitable software (SRIM 2008) and is useful to understand the damage caused by ion implantation of the PET (ρ = 1.39 g/cm 3). The optical transmittance of the treated material in the visible region, T (λ), depends on the gas used and the electrical configuration of the plasma. Water-vapor transmission rate (WVTR) revealed an increase in the barrier properties of the treated PET. PIII technique and N2 bombardment are more appropriate than plasma immersion and SF6 bombardment to increase T (λ) of PET in the visible region.

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Section: Contact Angle Measurementssupporting

confidence: 92%

Surface Properties and Morphology of PET Treated by Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation for Food Packaging

SantAna¹

2018

NNOA

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“…Then they were implanted with mass-analysed 3 keV Ar to doses varying from 3.6×10 16 to 1.8×10 17 Ar + cm −2 . The Ar ions were implanted under an O 2 partial pressure (∼5 × 10 −5 Torr); this process is known to be very efficient for obtaining very wetting surfaces [3][4][5][6]. No variation in the measurement of the ion beam current was observed, meaning that only a negligible part of the ions were neutralized by the O 2 partial pressure.…”

Section: Materials Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The affinity of a given liquid for a specific material can be modified by different techniques, which are capable of changing the properties of the material surface. Plasma [2] and ion implantation [3][4][5][6] assisted processes are very efficient for modification of wetting properties. However, the change in wettability with the passage of time after treatment, called ageing [7,8], restricts their use as a tool for anti-fogging treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relation between the size of fog droplets and their contact angles with CR39 surfaces

Grosu¹,

Andrzejewski²,

Veilleux³

et al. 2004

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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The formation of fog on CR39 surfaces has been studied. Water droplets form fog coalesce with time, especially during the first 20 s at the beginning of the formation of fog. Consequently, their mean diameter increases. Formation of fog being related to the wettability of the surfaces, the latter has been increased by the implantation of Ar ions into CR39 surfaces under an oxygen partial pressure. A very wetting CR39 surface with advancing (ACA) and receding (RCA) contact angles below 5° has been obtained with an implantation dose of 1.28 × 1017 Ar+ cm−2. In this condition, no formation of fog was observed. Characterization using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy has shown that the molecular structure of CR39 is strongly modified by Ar+ implantation, which would be responsible for the increase in wettability. Unfortunately, both ACA and RCA increase with time, which is called ageing, and the formation of fog is again observed. The diameter and concentration of water droplets forming fog have been plotted against the contact angle. These plots show that no formation of fog occurs for ACA < ∼40°. Usually, the ACA reaches 40° after an ageing time of ∼200 h. A He pre-implantation with a dose of 5 × 1015 He+ cm−2 and an energy of 2 keV, sufficient to push the ions deeper than the Ar depth profile, delays the ageing effect in such a way that ACA ≅ 40° is reached after ∼2000 h and no formation of fog is observed during these first ∼2000 h.

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“…Literature contains numerous examples of contact wetting angle as an empirical diagnostic tool for evaluating the effects of semiconductor processing. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Typically, contact wetting angle measurement is qualitatively used to detect processing-induced surface changes by classifying treated surfaces as becoming more hydrophobic or hydrophilic. For example, the surface of ITO films reportedly change from hydrophobic to hydrophilic after ion beam etching.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…15 Also, it has been shown that a clean Si surface is hydrophobic and becomes increasingly hydrophilic as oxide thickness increases. 8 Additionally, wetting angles have been used for diagnostic applications by relating specific wetting angles to device performance for thin film CuInS 2 absorbers. 9 We attempt to expand upon previous studies and provide a more theoretical and quantitative basis for the use of contact angles as a characterization tool by determining the dispersive and polar surface energy components from the wetting angles of water and formamide on thin films in a CdTe/CdS solar cell prior to and subsequent to post-deposition processing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contact wetting angle as a characterization technique for processing CdTe/CdS solar cells

Angelo

McCandless

Birkmire

et al. 2006

Progress in Photovoltaics

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The feasibility of measuring contact wetting angles to characterize processing induced changes to thin film semiconductors in CdTe/CdS solar cells is evaluated. The contact angles of water and formamide are used to determine the polar and dispersive surface energies of the thin films using two analysis methods. Changes in surface energies resulting from processing are correlated to changes in surface chemistry and structure detected by glancing incidence X‐ray diffraction (GIXRD), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Surface energies are evaluated for sputtered In2O3:SnO2, chemical surface‐deposited CdS, and physical vapor‐deposited (PVD) CdTe thin films under as‐deposited and treated conditions. Treatments include thermal anneal in air, argon, and CdCl2 ambient as well as surface etching. Indium tin oxide (ITO) and CdS films exhibit increased polar surface energy corresponding to enhanced crystallization of surfaces resulting from processing and increasing CdS growth temperature. Native oxidation of PVD CdTe (111)‐oriented film surfaces occurs rapidly and is readily detected by changes in contact angle. Surface energies of PVD (111)‐oriented CdTe stored under various humidities prior to processing are energetically similar due to native oxidation. The polar energy of CdTe surfaces is affected by the addition or removal of crystalline surface oxides during film processing. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Modification of wetting properties of SiOx surfaces by Ar implantation

Cited by 9 publications

References 10 publications

Surface Properties and Morphology of PET Treated by Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation for Food Packaging

Surface Properties and Morphology of PET Treated by Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation for Food Packaging

Relation between the size of fog droplets and their contact angles with CR39 surfaces

Contact wetting angle as a characterization technique for processing CdTe/CdS solar cells

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