Modification of the Peripheral Olfactory System by Electronic Cigarettes

AlMatrouk, Abdullah; Lemons, Kayla; Ogura, Takehiko; Lin, Weihong

doi:10.1002/cphy.c210007

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 274 publications

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“…While some studies showed a deleterious effect of smoking on odor identification abilities ( Karpa et al 2010 ; Duffy et al 2019 ; Castillo-Lopez et al 2020 ; Jalali et al 2020 ) – in one study this effect was limited to women ( Schubert et al 2012 ) – other studies did not find an effect of smoking ( Landis et al 2004 ; Pinto et al 2015 ), and one study even found a mild protective effect of smoking on odor identification abilities ( Mullol et al 2012 ). Especially in the context of increasing alternative nicotine consumption such as vaping ( AlMatrouk et al 2021 ), it will be important to continue investigating the effect of smoking on the sense of smell.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors influencing olfactory function in an adult general population sample: the CHRIS study

Gögele,

Emmert,

Fuchsberger

et al. 2024

Chemical Senses

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The sense of smell allows for the assessment of the chemical composition of volatiles in our environment. Different factors are associated with reduced olfactory function, including age, sex, as well as health and lifestyle conditions. However, most studies that aimed at identifying the variables that drive olfactory function in the population suffered from methodological weaknesses differences in study designs and participant selection, such as the inclusion of convenience sample or only of certain age groups, or recruitment biases. We aimed to overcome these issues by investigating the Cooperative Health Research in South Tyrol (CHRIS) cohort, a population-based cohort, by using a validated odor identification test. Specifically, we hypothesized that a series of medical, demographic and lifestyle variables is associated with odor identification abilities. In addition, our goal was to provide clinicians and researchers with normative values for the Sniffin’Sticks identification set, after exclusion of individuals with impaired nasal patency. We included 6944 participants without acute nasal obstruction and assessed several biological, social, and medical parameters. A basic model determined that age, sex, years of education, and smoking status together explained roughly 13% of the total variance in the data. We further observed that variables related to medical (positive screening for cognitive impairment and for Parkinson’s disease, history of skull fracture, stage 2 hypertension) and lifestyle (alcohol abstinence) conditions had a negative effect on odor identification scores. Finally, we provide clinicians with normative values for both versions of the Sniffin’ Sticks odor identification test, i.e., with 16 items and with 12 items.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors influencing olfactory function in an adult general population sample: the CHRIS study

Gögele,

Emmert,

Fuchsberger

et al. 2024

Chemical Senses

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Factors associated with loss and recovery of smell and taste after COVID‐19 infection

Razura,

Badash,

Wrobel

et al. 2024

Laryngoscope Investig Oto

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ObjectiveTo identify predictors associated with loss and recovery of smell and taste after COVID‐19 infection.MethodsThe Integrated Public Use Microdata Series (IPUMS) 2021 National Health Interview Series (NHIS) database was used to analyze factors associated with loss and recovery of smell and taste in respondents who had a previous COVID‐19 infection. Significant variables from univariate analysis were included in a stepwise backward regression model to identify independent predictors.ResultsOf the 3844 individuals who answered yes to having contracted COVID‐19, 51.1% and 48.9% reported losing smell and taste, respectively. 95.7% recovered smell and 97% recovered taste. Predictors associated with higher odds of reporting a loss of smell included younger age (odds ratio [OR] 0.98; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.98–0.99), female sex (OR 1.38; CI 1.17–1.63), use of e‐cigarettes (OR 1.59; CI 1.25–2.02), and Mexican ethnicity (OR 1.61; CI 1.22–2.11). Predictors of taste loss were younger age (OR 0.98; CI 0.98–0.99), female sex (OR 1.31; CI 1.08–1.58), and higher BMI (OR 1.02; CI 1.00–1.04). Female sex was associated with decreased odds of reporting a recovery of smell (OR 0.74; CI 0.59–0.92) and taste (OR 0.54; CI 0.42–0.69). Black/African American race (OR 1.44; CI 1.03–2.03) and non‐Mexican Hispanic ethnicities (OR 1.55; CI 1.02–2.34) were associated with an increased likelihood of reporting the recovery of smell.ConclusionVarious factors may be associated with the loss and recovery of smell and taste after COVID‐19 infections. Clinicians may use this information to better counsel patients with these symptoms.Level of evidence4.

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Does vaping affect the taste and smell perception? An exploratory study with New Zealand young adults

McCormack,

Agbor Epse Muluh,

et al. 2024

Appetite

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Modification of the Peripheral Olfactory System by Electronic Cigarettes

Cited by 4 publications

References 274 publications

Factors influencing olfactory function in an adult general population sample: the CHRIS study

Factors influencing olfactory function in an adult general population sample: the CHRIS study

Factors associated with loss and recovery of smell and taste after COVID‐19 infection

Does vaping affect the taste and smell perception? An exploratory study with New Zealand young adults

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