Modification of the deoxy-myoglobin/carbonmonoxy-myoglobin UV-vis assay for reliable determination of CO-release rates from organometallic carbonyl complexes

Atkin, Anthony J.; Lynam, Jason M.; Moulton, Benjamin E.; Sawle, Philip; Motterlini, Roberto; Boyle, Nicola M.; Pryce, Mary T.; Fairlamb, Ian J. S.

doi:10.1039/c0dt01809k

Cited by 166 publications

(147 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…These systems show significant absorptions in the visible, with the sulfur-containing ligand 34 giving the most desirable outcome. Notably, there was a marked difference between complexes bearing halide ligands and those featuring other donors: fac-Mn(34)(CO) 3 Br as an absorbption maximum of 535 nm which is shifted to 435 nm in fac-[Mn (34) 72 where broadband illumination leads to the anticipated CO release.…”

Section: Visible Light Photocormsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…34 Myoglobin is also reactive toward oxygen, and the dithionite used in the assay may itself react with CORMs. 35 This has driven efforts to develop alternative assays for (photo)CORMs.…”

Section: Assessing Photocormsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These polymerbound photoCORMs showed release activity under the myoglobin assays, although solution turbidity did affect the quantification. 34 Several iron-containing metal complexes were examined in 2011 for CO release activity, although not necessarily directly for use as photoCORMs. In a study focussed on 11 C sources for positron emission tomography, the Long group disclosed the reversible CO-release behaviour of complex 10 (Fig.…”

Section: Ultraviolet Photocormsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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PhotoCORMs: CO release moves into the visible

Wright

2016

Dalton Trans.

114

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The potential of carbon monoxide to act as a therapeutic agent is now well-established. Controlled delivery of CO is best achieved using 'CORMs': molecules which release known amounts of carbon monoxide in response to a stimulus. Metal carbonyl complexes will release CO if irradiated with ultraviolet light, but it is only in the past five years that development of true 'photoCORMs' has been explored. Recent exciting developments in this area now show that design of photoCORMs operating well into the visible region is achievable. In this Perspective, we examine the growth of photoCORMs from their origins in the photophysics of metal carbonyls to the latest visible-light agents.

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Section: Visible Light Photocormsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…34 Myoglobin is also reactive toward oxygen, and the dithionite used in the assay may itself react with CORMs. 35 This has driven efforts to develop alternative assays for (photo)CORMs.…”

Section: Assessing Photocormsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ultraviolet Photocormsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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PhotoCORMs: CO release moves into the visible

Wright

2016

Dalton Trans.

114

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“…[28,56] Ap hosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution (10 mm,pH7.4) containing deoxy-Mb (24 mm)with dithionite (10 mm)u nder Ar atmosphere was used for the assay as previously reported. [41] TheP BS solution containing deoxyMb was irradiated with visible light at 456 nm (15 mW cm À2 ) for defined periods after addition of 1 (final concentration of [Mn] = 6 mm,in10mm PBS buffer of pH 7.4).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Photoactive Carbon‐Monoxide‐Releasing Protein Cage for Dose‐Regulated Delivery in Living Cells

et al. 2015

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Protein cages can serve as bioinorganic molecular templates for functionalizing metal compounds to regulate cellular signaling. We succeeded in developing a photoactive CO-releasing system by constructing a composite of ferritin (Fr) containing manganese-carbonyl complexes. When Arg52 adjacent to Cys48 of Fr is replaced with Cys, the Fr mutant stabilizes the retention of 48 Mn-carbonyl moieties, which can release the CO ligands under light irradiation, although wild-type Fr retains very few Mn moieties. The amount of released CO is regulated by the extent of irradiation. This could reveal an optimized dose for cooperatively activating the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) in mammalian cells and the tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). These results suggest that construction of a CO-releasing protein cage will advance of research in CO biology.

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“…Quantification of the CO release under wet conditions was performed as described previously (21). The myoglobin assay was adapted for heterogeneous probes in Mueller-Hinton (MH) medium.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bactericidal Effect of a Photoresponsive Carbon Monoxide-Releasing Nonwoven against Staphylococcus aureus Biofilms

Klinger-Strobel

Gläser

Makarewicz

et al. 2016

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Staphylococcus aureus is a leading pathogen in skin and skin structure infections, including surgical and traumatic infections that are associated with biofilm formation. Because biofilm formation is accompanied by high phenotypic resistance of the embedded bacteria, they are almost impossible to eradicate by conventional antibiotics. Therefore, alternative therapeutic strategies are of high interest. We generated nanostructured hybrid nonwovens via the electrospinning of a photoresponsive carbon monoxide (CO)-releasing molecule [CORM-1, Mn 2 (CO) 10 ] and the polymer polylactide. This nonwoven showed a CO-induced antimicrobial activity that was sufficient to reduce the biofilm-embedded bacteria by 70% after photostimulation at 405 nm. The released CO increased the concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the biofilms, suggesting that in addition to inhibiting the electron transport chain, ROS might play a role in the antimicrobial activity of CORMs on S. aureus. The nonwoven showed increased cytotoxicity on eukaryotic cells after longer exposure, most probably due to the released lactic acid, that might be acceptable for local and short-time treatments. Therefore, CO-releasing nonwovens might be a promising local antimicrobial therapy against biofilm-associated skin wound infections. Staphylococcus aureus, both methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA), is the leading pathogen in skin and skin structure infections (SSSIs), including surgical and traumatic infections (1, 2). S. aureus has developed a highly effective mechanism to invade tissues and evade the immune system by biofilm formation and intracellular persistence. This can result in chronic and recurring SSSI, particularly in patients with comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus (e.g., diabetic foot syndrome). Noneradicable S. aureus SSSI can be the focus of S. aureus bacteremia, which has a mortality of up to 30% (3). In the United States, community-acquired MRSA has emerged as one of the leading causes of community-acquired SSSI (2).Biofilms are sessile matrix-embedded microbial communities that colonize nearly all artificial and natural surfaces. They are thought to be present in more than 80% of all nosocomial bacterial infections (4). Compared to their planktonic counterparts, bacteria embedded in a biofilm benefit from the protective properties of the matrix, conveying up to 1,000-fold-higher resistance to antibiotics (5). The enhanced phenotypic resistance (correctly termed tolerance) of biofilms is caused mainly by decreased growth rates and metabolically inactive persister cells (a protected phenotypic state) (6). Most antibiotics inhibit metabolic processes in the cell, such as replication (e.g., fluoroquinolones), transcription (e.g., rifampin) or translation (e.g., aminoglycosides and macrolides), and therefore they become ineffective in these persister cells. Altered microenvironments (7) and enzymes hydrolyzing or modifying the antimicrobials that are enriched within the matrix are additio...

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Modification of the deoxy-myoglobin/carbonmonoxy-myoglobin UV-vis assay for reliable determination of CO-release rates from organometallic carbonyl complexes

Cited by 166 publications

References 32 publications

PhotoCORMs: CO release moves into the visible

PhotoCORMs: CO release moves into the visible

A Photoactive Carbon‐Monoxide‐Releasing Protein Cage for Dose‐Regulated Delivery in Living Cells

Bactericidal Effect of a Photoresponsive Carbon Monoxide-Releasing Nonwoven against Staphylococcus aureus Biofilms

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