Modification of the acoustic startle response in hearing-impaired C57BL/6J mice: Prepulse augmentation and prolongation of prepulse inhibition.

Willott, James F.; Carlson, Stephanie

doi:10.1037/0735-7044.109.3.396

Cited by 47 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Consistent with previous reports (Willott & Carlson, 1995), 6-month-old C57 mice had lower startle amplitudes than 1-month-old C57 mice, F(l, 32) = 13.78, p = .001. Startle amplitude appeared to increase over training in all groups, F(3, 96) = 9.05, p < .001.…”

Section: Startle-stimulus-alone Trialssupporting

confidence: 93%

Posttraining lesions of the amygdala interfere with fear-potentiated startle to both visual and auditory conditioned stimuli in C57BL/6J mice.

Heldt¹,

Sundin²,

Willott³

et al. 2000

Behavioral Neuroscience

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The fear-potentiated startle paradigm has been used with great success to examine conditioned fear in both rats and humans. The purpose of the present experiment was to extend the authors' previous findings and further validate the fear-potentiated startle paradigm in mice. In Experiments 1 and 2, C57BL/6J mice were given Pavlovian fear conditioning with either an auditory or a visual conditioned stimulus. Similar to data collected with rats, fear-potentiated startle was observed for both stimulus modalities. In Experiment 3, posttraining lesions of the amygdala disrupted fear-potentiated startle in both conditioned stimulus modalities. These data are consistent with amygdala lesion studies in rats and suggest that fear-potentiated startle in mice requires an intact amygdala. Together, these results extend the authors' previous results and provide the basis for using this well-understood behavioral paradigm for examining the molecular mechanisms of conditioned fear in transgenic and knockout mice.

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Section: Startle-stimulus-alone Trialssupporting

confidence: 93%

Posttraining lesions of the amygdala interfere with fear-potentiated startle to both visual and auditory conditioned stimuli in C57BL/6J mice.

Heldt¹,

Sundin²,

Willott³

et al. 2000

Behavioral Neuroscience

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“…PPI audiometry is effective because the acoustic startle reflex (ASR) is greatly influenced by preceding stimuli (Hoffman & Searle, 1965; Buckland et al, 1969; Willott & Carlson, 1995). We have confirmed what was previously found, that prepulses presented at threshold levels can be used to assess an animal’s hearing by modulating the startle motor output (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ASR has been shown to be greatly influenced by preceding stimuli and can be used for hearing assessment in laboratory animals (Hoffman & Searle 1965, Buckland et al 1969, Willott & Carlson, 1995; Young & Fechter, 1983; Fechter et al, 1988) and humans (Reiter, 1981). In animals PPI can provide a behaviorally assessed, high throughput solution to assess auditory thresholds in normal hearing and sound exposed animals (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle reflex vs. auditory brainstem response for hearing assessment

et al. 2016

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The high prevalence of noise-induced and age-related hearing loss in the general population has warranted the use of animal models to study the etiology of these pathologies. Quick and accurate auditory threshold determination is a prerequisite for experimental manipulations targeting hearing loss in animal models. The standard auditory brainstem response (ABR) measurement is fairly quick and translational across species, but is limited by the need for anesthesia and a lack of perceptual assessment. The goal of this study was to develop a new method of hearing assessment utilizing prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the acoustic startle reflex, a commonly used tool that measures detection thresholds in awake animals, and can be performed on multiple animals simultaneously. We found that in control mice PPI audiometric functions are similar to both ABR and traditional operant conditioning audiograms. The hearing thresholds assessed with PPI audiometry in sound exposed mice were also similar to those detected by ABR thresholds one day after exposure. However, three months after exposure PPI threshold shifts were still evident at and near the frequency of exposure whereas ABR thresholds recovered to the pre-exposed level. In contrast, PPI audiometry and ABR wave one amplitudes detected similar losses. PPI audiometry provides a high throughput automated behavioral screening tool of hearing in awake animals. Overall, PPI audiometry and ABR assessments of the auditory system are robust techniques with distinct advantages and limitations, which when combined, can provide ample information about the functionality of the auditory system.

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“…Previous reports have characterized this strain using a variety of auditory assessments including the auditory brainstem response to verify hearing at 3 months of age Zheng et al, 1999). We also use a low-frequency 1500 Hz tone to avoid confounds related to age-related (5-6 months) high-frequency (420 kHz) hearing loss (Ehlers and Somes, 2002;Erway et al, 1993;Willott and Carlson, 1995). Therefore, we believe that C57BL/6J mice are an appropriate strain for the current investigation, based on previous psychometric and pharmacological findings.…”

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corticosterone Modulates Auditory Gating in Mouse

Maxwell

Ehrlichman

Liang

et al. 2005

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Previous studies suggest that circulating glucocorticoids may influence the encoding and processing of sensory stimuli. The current study investigated this hypothesis by measuring the generation (amplitude), gating (recovery cycle), and sensitivity (intensity function) of auditory evoked responses in C57BL/6 mice treated with chronic corticosterone (0, 1, 5, 15, or 30 mg/kg/day for 14 days). We found that low-dose corticosterone (5 but not 1 mg/kg/day) enhanced the amplitude and improved gating of evoked potentials without affecting the intensity function. In comparison, higher doses (15 and 30 mg/kg/day) decreased the amplitude and impaired gating of evoked potentials, also without altering the stimulus intensity function. At all doses, lower amplitudes of evoked potentials were significantly correlated with higher circulating corticosterone levels. These data highlight the need to consider serum glucocorticoid levels when assessing human disease states associated with aberrations of information processing such as schizophrenia and depression.

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Modification of the acoustic startle response in hearing-impaired C57BL/6J mice: Prepulse augmentation and prolongation of prepulse inhibition.

Cited by 47 publications

References 49 publications

Posttraining lesions of the amygdala interfere with fear-potentiated startle to both visual and auditory conditioned stimuli in C57BL/6J mice.

Posttraining lesions of the amygdala interfere with fear-potentiated startle to both visual and auditory conditioned stimuli in C57BL/6J mice.

Prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle reflex vs. auditory brainstem response for hearing assessment

Corticosterone Modulates Auditory Gating in Mouse

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