Modification of poly(styrene‐co‐divinylbenzene) resin by grafting on an aluminium selective ligand

Abstract

International audienceFor use in the solid-phase extraction of aluminium, a polystyrene-co-divinylbenzene) commercial resin (Amberlite(R)) XAD-4) was modified by grafting on salicylic acid. Anchorage of this ligand was achieved via a ketone bridge formed by Friedel-Crafts acylation. Because of the insolubility of the resin in common organic solvents, the synthesis scheme was optimized on the monomeric entity, benzoyl chloride, so that the purity of products could be assessed by common analytical techniques (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), NMR and FTIR) and the yields improved. NMR spectroscopy indicated that the Friedel-Crafts acylation was performed in the position Para to the methoxy group. The synthesis scheme was then applied to the resin activated by an acid chloride function. Different steps of the modification were characterized by FTIR and pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS). The aluminium complexing capacity of the modified resin was evaluated and presence of complexed aluminium on the surface of the resin was assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and FTI

Fluorimetric determination of aluminium in water by sequential injection through column extraction

“…Details of the experiments have already been published [37]. XAD-4 presents pendant ethylbenzene groups (2955 and 2871 cm -1 valence vibration of CH 3 , and the valence vibration of the C-H bands at 3083 cm -1 (vinylic CH 2 ) and 3017 cm -1 (vinylic C-H) and of the C=C vinylic band at 1628 cm -1 ).…”

“…Moreover, in acid medium, the stoichiometry of Al:salicylic acid is 1:1 [41,42], which gives a ratio acceptable even after grafting onto a polymer. XAD-4 resin (I) was functionalised via two FriedelCrafts acylation reactions according to the procedure previously reported [37] and represented in Fig. 1.…”

“…This column has been packed with a commercial XAD-4 resin onto which salicylic acid has been grafted. The procedure was based on a Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction, summarised in the Experimental section to follow, and described in detail in a previous paper [37]. In this work, a sequential injection analysis procedure coupled with a selective extraction micro-column for the direct determination of Al 3+ in drinking water was developed.…”

An experimental design to optimize the flow extraction parameters for the selective removal of Fe(III) and Al(III) in aqueous samples using salicylic acid grafted on Amberlite XAD-4 and final determination by GF-AAS

“…Sorbent used in this study is a modified commercial resin (Amberlite ® XAD-4) onto which we have chemically bond a chelating function (salicylic acid) [32]. Salicylic acid has often been chosen for Al(III) and Fe(III) spectrophotometric determination in water samples [34,35], its complexation constants towards these two metallic ions are very well known [36,37].…”

“…Primary aims of this paper were to validate the use of a recently modified sorbent [32] for selective flowing retention of iron and aluminium present in aqueous samples in the range 20-200 g l −1 , to simultaneously optimize extraction parameters of targeted analytes by reducing number of experiments needed (Green Chemistry Principles [33]), to check with synthetic and real samples during laboratory and on-site validations that no influencing parameters have been forgotten.…”