Modification of Phytohormone Response by a Peptide Encoded by
            <b>
              <i>ENOD40</i>
            </b>
            of Legumes and a Nonlegume

Sande, K. van de; Pawlowski, Katharina; Czaja, Inge; Wieneke, Ursula; Schell, Jeff; Schmidt, Jürgen; Walden, Richard; Matvienko, M.; Wellink, J.; Kammen, A. van; Franssen, Henk; Bisseling, Ton

doi:10.1126/science.273.5273.370

Cited by 191 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…How the early signaling events trigger the cortical cell divisions that form the prenodule is not known, but it is likely that changes in the relative levels or activities of auxin and cytokinins are involved. Indeed, one of the legume genes induced soon after rhizobial infection of roots, ENOD40, has recently been shown to encode a short peptide that modifies plant responses to auxin (van de Sande et al, 1996). It has even been suggested that Nod factors themselves may be related to plant hormones, and Long provides a thoughtful analysis of this somewhat contentious hypothesis.…”

Section: Rhizobial Symbiosesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant-Microbe Interactions: Life and Death at the Interface.

1996

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Section: Rhizobial Symbiosesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant-Microbe Interactions: Life and Death at the Interface.

1996

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“…This demonstrates that in addition to the epidermis and cortex, the pericycle can also respond to Nod factors. ENOD40, homologs of which have been found in nonlegumes, encodes a peptide that alters the response of plant cells to auxin (van de Sande et al, 1996). Therefore, it seems probable that this early nodulin plays a role in the induction of legume nodule primordium formation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rhizobial and Actinorhizal Symbioses: What Are the Shared Features?

1996

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“…In plants, extracellular peptides, such as systemin, CLAVATA3, and ENOD40, may act as intercellular signals, regulating some important processes, e.g. wound defense reaction, maintenance of shoot apical meristem, and nodule formation (Pearce et al, 1993;Yang et al, 1993;van de Sande et al, 1996;Trotochaud et al, 2000). ExtCaM has been found in many plant species.…”

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confidence: 99%

Extracellular Calmodulin-Induced Stomatal Closure Is Mediated by Heterotrimeric G Protein and H2O2

et al. 2004

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Extracellular calmodulin (ExtCaM) exerts multiple functions in animals and plants, but the mode of ExtCaM action is not well understood. In this paper, we provide evidence that ExtCaM stimulates a cascade of intracellular signaling events to regulate stomatal movement. Analysis of the changes of cytosolic free Ca 21 ([Ca 21 (McAinsh et al., 1995;Grabov and Blatt, 1998). Accumulating evidence indicates that many stimuli enhance [Ca 21 ] cyt increase in guard cells (Rudd and Franklin-Tong, 2001); however, the upstream components of calcium signaling are not well understood.Heterotrimeric G proteins composed of a-, b-, and g-subunits are a key intracellular signaling molecule in eukaryotic cells. The activation by G-protein-coupled receptor results in conformation change of the Ga protein due to GTP binding and the separation of Ga from the Gbg dimer. GTP hydrolysis by GTPase activity of Ga results in the reassociation of Ga with Gbg (Jones and Assmann, 2004). In plants, G protein has been found to be involved in ion-channel regulation (Aharon et al., 1998;Wang et al., 2001), control of seed germination (Ullah et al., 2002), pollen tube elongation (Ma et al., 1999), and responses to ABA . Genome sequencing revealed the existence of only one prototypical Ga (GPA1) in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana; Ma et al., 1990). It was reported that Ga-subunit-null mutants, gpa1-1 and gpa1-2, were insensitive to ABA inhibition of whole-cell inward K 1 currents and pH-independent ABA-activation of anion channels , suggesting Ga is a key component in ABA signaling. It is unknown whether Ga-subunit participates in calcium signaling in ABA regulation of guard cell responses.Recently, reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been shown to be an important second messenger in signaling to developmental processes, such as polar growth of Fucus rhizoid cells (Coelho et al., 2002) and cell elongation in root growth (Demidchik et al., 2003), responses to environmental stresses (BaxterBurrell et al., 2002), and guard cell movement (Pei et al., 2000). Evidence indicates that homeostasis of ROS depends on the activity of several enzymes involved in ROS generation as well as the activity of ROS scavenging enzymes (for review, see Mittler, 2002). Recently, guard cell-specific NADPH oxidases AtrbohD (Arabidopsis respiratory burst oxidase homologs D) and AtrbohF have been identified, and the double mutants of atrbohD/F are impaired in ABA-induced ROS generation, [Ca 21 ] cyt increases, and stomatal closing (Kwak et al., 2003), suggesting that AtrbohD and AtrbohF NADPH oxidases and ROS play an important 1 This work was supported by the Major State Basic Research Program of China (grant no. G1999011704) and by the National Science Foundation of China (grant no. 30370129).2 These authors contributed equally to the paper. * Corresponding author; e-mail xcwang@cau.edu.cn; fax 86-10-62733450.Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at www.plantphysiol.org/cgi

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Modification of Phytohormone Response by a Peptide Encoded by ENOD40 of Legumes and a Nonlegume

Cited by 191 publications

References 24 publications

Plant-Microbe Interactions: Life and Death at the Interface.

Plant-Microbe Interactions: Life and Death at the Interface.

Rhizobial and Actinorhizal Symbioses: What Are the Shared Features?

Extracellular Calmodulin-Induced Stomatal Closure Is Mediated by Heterotrimeric G Protein and H2O2

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