Modification of Measles Virus and Application to Pathogenesis Studies

Rennick, Linda J.; Duprex, W. Paul

doi:10.1002/9781118405338.ch6

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 213 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Total RNA was extracted directly from a tracheal rinse sample obtained from an infant infected with HRSV, and high-fidelity RT-PCR and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) were used to generate amplicons using previously described methods (29). The consensus genome sequence indicated that the virus belonged to the Buenos Aires (BA) genotype of HRSV subgroup B.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recombinant Subgroup B Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Expressing Enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein Efficiently Replicates in Primary Human Cells and Is Virulent in Cotton Rats

Lemon

Nguyen

Ludlow

et al. 2015

J Virol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) is IMPORTANCEVirology as a discipline has depended on monitoring cytopathic effects following virus culture in vitro. However, wild-type viruses isolated from patients often do not cause significant changes to infected cells, necessitating blind passage. This can lead to genetic and phenotypic changes and the generation of high-titer, laboratory-adapted viruses with diminished virulence in animal models of disease. To address this, we determined the genome sequence of an unpassaged human respiratory syncytial virus from a sample obtained directly from an infected infant, assembled a molecular clone, and recovered a wild-type recombinant virus. Addition of a gene encoding enhanced green fluorescent protein allowed this wild-type virus to be tracked in primary human cells and living animals in the absence of significant cytopathic effects. Imaging of fluorescent cells proved to be a highly valuable tool for monitoring the spread of virus and may help improve assays for evaluating novel intervention strategies. H uman respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) is the most important viral cause of respiratory tract disease in infants (1). HRSV infections are observed during seasonal outbreaks in winter or during the rainy season in the tropics (2). The virus usually causes a self-limiting upper respiratory tract (URT) infection, resulting in rhinorrhea and other common cold-like clinical signs (3). However, in a minority of cases the infection can also spread to the lower respiratory tract (LRT), resulting in severe pneumonia or bronchiolitis. Risk factors for developing severe LRT infections include prematurity, pulmonary or cardiac disease, compromised immunity, and old age (4). Current treatment options are limited, although a monoclonal antibody directed against the fusion (F) glycoprotein has been developed for prophylactic use (5). Despite significant efforts in vaccine development over the past 50 years, no HRSV vaccines are currently licensed (6). Limited availability of natural animal models of disease adds to the challenge of developing vaccines and antivirals.HRSV is a member of the family Paramyxoviridae, subfamily Pneumovirinae, genus Pneumovirus (1). It is an enveloped virus with a negative-sense, single-stranded RNA genome containing 10 transcription units. The glyco-(G) proteins facilitate virus attachment and entry (1, 7), and the F glycoprotein is an important target of virus neutralizing antibodies (8). Molecular epidemiological studies have identified two HRSV subgroups (A and B),

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%