Modification of enzyme activities in experimental atherosclerosis in the rabbit

Patelski, J; Bowyer, David E.; Howard, A.N.; Jennings, I.W.; Thorne, C. J. R.; Gresham, G. A.

doi:10.1016/0021-9150(70)90082-1

Cited by 61 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The finding was confirmed by several groups (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8), but, lacking an explanation (4,5,8,9), it has remained largely ignored in the scientific literature.…”

supporting

confidence: 63%

“…Our results, together with the previous regression studies ( [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8], suggest that infused phospholipid might be a rational, effective treatment for receptor-deficient atherosclerosis. Although there is no generally available preparation of liposomes approved for human use, vesicular particles that acquire endogenous cholesterol have been shown to appear in plasma following infusion of clinically available triglyceride phospholipid emulsions, such as Intralipid, which consist of liposomes and related particles (15,28,(55)(56)(57)(58).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 76%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Low density lipoprotein receptor-independent hepatic uptake of a synthetic, cholesterol-scavenging lipoprotein: implications for the treatment of receptor-deficient atherosclerosis.

Williams

Vallabhajosula

Rahman

et al. 1988

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The metabolism of infused "'In-labeled phospholipid liposomes was examined in Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic (WHHL) rabbits, which lack low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptors, and in normal control rabbits. The half-times (t/,2) for clearance of "'In and excess phospholipid from plasma were 20.8 ± 0.9 hr and 20.3 ± 4.6 hr in WHHL and 20.0 ± 0.8 hr and 19.6 ± 2.2 hr in the normal rabbits (means ± SEM; n = 4). By 6 hr postinfusion, the plasma concentration of unesterified cholesterol increased by 2.2 --_ 0.23 mmol/liter in WIHHL and 2.1 ± 0.04 mmol/liter in normal rabbits, presumably reflecting mobilization of tissue stores. Disappearance of excess plasma cholesterol was >90% complete in both groups of rabbits by 70 hr postinfusion. By quantitative y camera imaging, hepatic trapping of "'Inlabeled liposomes over time was indistinguishable between the two groups. At autopsy, the liver was the major organ of clearance, acquiring 22.0% ± 1.7% (WHHL) and 16.8% + 1.0% (normal) of total "'In. Aortic uptake of "'In was <0.02%. Thus, mobilization of cholesterol and hepatic uptake of phospholipid liposomes do not require LDL receptors. Because phospholipid infusions produce rapid substantial regression of atherosclerosis in genetically normal animals, our results suggest that phospholipid liposomes or triglyceride phospholipid emulsions (e.g., Intralipid) might reduce atherosclerosis in WHHL rabbits and in humans with familial hypercholesterolemia.

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“…The finding was confirmed by several groups (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8), but, lacking an explanation (4,5,8,9), it has remained largely ignored in the scientific literature.…”

supporting

confidence: 63%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 76%

Low density lipoprotein receptor-independent hepatic uptake of a synthetic, cholesterol-scavenging lipoprotein: implications for the treatment of receptor-deficient atherosclerosis.

Williams

Vallabhajosula

Rahman

et al. 1988

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…It was reported that cholesteryl ester hydrolase, but not lipase was low in atheromatous lesion (Patelski et al 1970;Zemplenyi and Grafnetter 1959). Therefore, in these lesions triglyceride may be hydrolysed and cleared out.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effects of pantetheine on cholesteryl ester synthesis in the arterial wall of rats on high cholesterol diet.

Shirai

Matsuoka

Saitō

et al. 1979

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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“…Glycerolester hydrolase activity has been measured in human aorta and in the aortas of different animals [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]16] but the reports are contra dictory in their description of the nature of the enzyme. The effect of heparin on the activity of triglyceride lipase, which is known to activate lipoprotein lipase activity, depends on the enzyme source.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Triglyceride lipase activity has been detected in human, canine, pig and rabbit aorta [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]16], but information about the existence of multiple forms of lipases, their substrate specificities and properties are limited. In previous investigations, in which the possible relationship between lipase activity and arteriosclerosis was discussed, the substrate used, /?-naphthyllaurate, was susceptible, however, to both the triglyceride lipase (EC 3.1.1.3) and the nonspecific carboxyl esterase (EC 3.1.1.1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Triglyceride Lipase Activity in Bovine Aorta

Filipović¹,

Rutemöller²,

Helten³

1975

J Vasc Res

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The cell-free supernatant from homogenized bovine aorta hydrolyzed triglycerides, β-naphthylesters of lauric and stearic acid and Tween 20, 40 and 60. The rate of hydrolysis decreases as the acyl chain length of the substrates increases. The activity against triglycerides of short-chain fatty acids and monoacylesters could be partially separated from that of glycerol-trioleate lipase by ammonium sulfate fractionation. The activity of glycerol-trioleate lipase remained unaffected by heating for 5 min at 60 °C or by addition of bile acids, whereas the activity causing hydrolysis of triglycerides with short-chain fatty acids and monoacylesters decreases up to 60% by analogous treatment. No changes in the hydrolytic activity occurs in presence of sodium heparin. This indicates that this activity is not identical with a lipoprotein lipase.

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Modification of enzyme activities in experimental atherosclerosis in the rabbit

Cited by 61 publications

References 15 publications

Low density lipoprotein receptor-independent hepatic uptake of a synthetic, cholesterol-scavenging lipoprotein: implications for the treatment of receptor-deficient atherosclerosis.

Low density lipoprotein receptor-independent hepatic uptake of a synthetic, cholesterol-scavenging lipoprotein: implications for the treatment of receptor-deficient atherosclerosis.

Effects of pantetheine on cholesteryl ester synthesis in the arterial wall of rats on high cholesterol diet.

Triglyceride Lipase Activity in Bovine Aorta

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