Modification of Collagen/Gelatin/Hydroxyethyl Cellulose-Based Materials by Addition of Herbal Extract-Loaded Microspheres Made from Gellan Gum and Xanthan Gum

Abstract

Because consumers are nowadays focused on their health and appearance, natural ingredients and their novel delivery systems are one of the most developing fields of pharmacy, medicine, and cosmetics. The main goal of this study was to design, prepare, and characterize composite materials obtained by incorporation of microspheres into the porous polymer materials consisting of collagen, gelatin, and hydroxyethyl cellulose. Microspheres, based on gellan gum and xanthan gum with encapsulated Calendula officinalis flower extract, were produced by two methods: extrusion and emulsification. The release profile of the extract from both types of microspheres was compared. Then, obtained microparticles were incorporated into polymeric materials with a porous structure. This modification had an influence on porosity, density, swelling properties, mechanical properties, and stability of materials. Besides, in vitro tests were performed using mouse fibroblasts. Cell viability was assessed with the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. The obtained materials, especially with microspheres prepared by emulsion method, can be potentially helpful when designing cosmetic forms because they were made from safely for skin ingredients used in this industry and the herbal extract was successfully encapsulated into microparticles.

Whey Protein Isolate as a Substrate to Design Calendula officinalis Flower Extract Controlled-Release Materials

“…The loading capacity of the microspheres was determined by quantifying the phenolic compounds contained in the Calendula officinalis flower extract enclosed in the microspheres. For this purpose, the spectrophotometric method with Folin-Ciocalteu reagent was used [64]. The microspheres were weighed and immersed in 2 mL of 1 M NaOH for 1 h. After centrifuging the samples, the supernatant solution was collected.…”

Natural Gums in Drug-Loaded Micro- and Nanogels

“…Among xanthan combinations with other natural gums, gellan has also been used in a work on the encapsulation of Calendula officinalis herbal extract, although the authors indicate an intended cosmetic application rather than drug delivery [ 138 ]. However, the study might be of interest to pharmaceutical scientists from a technological point of view as well.…”

“…Moreover, the prepared Calendula officinalis microspheres were further incorporated into matrices composed of collagen, gelatin and hydroxyethylcellulose, prepared by freeze drying and chemical crosslinking (with 1-ethyl-3(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide and N-hydroxysuccinimide). Compared to blank matrices, microsphere loading decreased their swelling and porosity, as well as modified their mechanical properties and degradation rate to a degree depending on the composition and preparation method of the microspheres [ 138 ].…”

Trends in biopolymer science applied to cosmetics

“…For example, in a study of the incorporation of new natural – structured – fats into cosmetic formulations based on emulsions, adding xanthan gum at 0.8%–1.0% confirmed stabilization and showed an effect on natural polysaccharides [170]. Recently, this gum has been used to encapsulate herbal ingredients with excellent protection and controlled release in cream formulations [171].…”