“…With the development of swarm intelligence, at present, it has many kinds of algorithms, such as genetic algorithm (GA), particle swarm optimisation (PSO) algorithm, ant colony optimisation (ACO), artificial fish swarm algorithm (AFSA), differential evolution (DE), artificial glowworm algorithm (AGA), invasive weed optimisation (IWO) algorithm and shuffled frog leaping algorithm (SFLA), etc. (Drezner and Misevicius, 2013;Wong and Ngan, 2013;Bai et al, 2013;Zhou and Huang, 2012;Brest et al, 2013;Zhou and Zhou, 2013;Ahmadi and Mojallali, 2012;Vatani et al, 2013). So far, these swarm intelligence algorithms have been successfully applied in many fields, which prove that swarm intelligence is a kind of new method which can effectively solve most global optimisation problems.…”