Modification and application of an <i>in vitro</i> assay to examine inositol phosphate degradation in the digestive tract of poultry

Sommerfeld, Vera; Schollenberger, Margit; Hemberle, Luca; Rodehutscord, M.

doi:10.1002/jsfa.8297

Cited by 14 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In line with previous in vitro experiments (Sommerfeld et al, 2017 ) and broiler studies (Zeller et al, 2015a ) on wheat-based diets, in the present study, D-Ins(1,2,3,4,5)P 5 represented the major InsP 5 in digesta samples of turkeys. The corresponding enantiomer D-Ins(1,2,3,5,6)P 5 may be co-eluted with (but not separated from) D-Ins(1,2,3,4,5)P 5 , and is known to be the main product of 6-phytases in wheat, which preferentially initiate phytate degradation at the L-6 (D-4) position (Nakano et al, 2000 ; Wu et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…D-InsP(1,2,3,4)P 4 is a minor product of D-Ins(1,2,3,4,5)P 5 hydrolysis by E.coli phytase (Greiner et al, 2000 ), thus explaining the slight increase in its concentration in GD with phytase supplementation. These results confirm those reported from in vitro studies with wheat- or corn-based diets, in which the same phytase product was used (Sommerfeld et al, 2017 ). Similar effects of this E. coli phytase on InsP concentrations have been observed in digesta samples from the duodenum/jejunum section (Zeller et al, 2015a ) or the lower ileum (Zeller et al, 2015b , 2015c ) of broilers fed wheat or corn and SBM based diets.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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Effect of supplemental phytase and xylanase in wheat-based diets on prececal phosphorus digestibility and phytate degradation in young turkeys

et al. 2018

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This study aimed to investigate the effect of phytase and a combination of phytase and xylanase on the prececal phosphorus digestibility (pcdP) of wheat-based diets in turkeys. A low-P basal diet (BD) based on cornstarch and soybean meal, and 2 diets containing 43% of different wheat genotypes (genotype diets GD6 or GD7) were fed to turkeys from 20 to 27 d of age. Diets were fed either without enzyme supplementation or supplemented with phytase (500 FTU/kg) or a combination of phytase and xylanase (16,000 BXU/kg). At 27 d of age, digesta were sampled from the lower ileum of animals to determine pcdP and pc myo-inositol 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexakis (dihydrogen phosphate) (InsP6) disappearance, and to analyze the concentrations of lower inositol phosphate isomers. Similar pcdP was observed in non-supplemented BD and GD (∼36%). Phytase alone increased the pcdP in all diets by 8 to 12%, but a beneficial effect of xylanase was found only for BD. Similar results were found for pc InsP6 disappearance, although xylanase addition compared to phytase alone decreased pc InsP6 disappearance in GD7 compared to phytase alone. Animals fed GD7 performed better than those fed GD6; however, these differences could not be linked to the pcdP. The pattern of lower inositol phosphates in digesta also changed with enzyme supplementation, resulting in lower proportions of InsP5 and higher proportions of InsP4. Phytase alone decreased Ins(1,2,3,4,6)P5 but increased D-Ins(1,2,3,4,5)P5 and D-Ins(1,2,5,6)P4 concentrations. An additional increase in D-Ins(1,2,3,4,5)P5 and D-Ins(1,2,5,6)P4 concentrations was achieved with xylanase, although for the former isomer, this was observed only with GD. These results indicate that enzyme supplementation alters the pc degradation of InsP6, and that combining both enzymes had a minor additional effect on the pcdP from wheat-based diets when compared to phytase alone.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Effect of supplemental phytase and xylanase in wheat-based diets on prececal phosphorus digestibility and phytate degradation in young turkeys

et al. 2018

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“…The in vitro study by Sommerfeld et al. ( 2017 ) supports these outcomes, where corn-soybean meal-based diets with varying concentrations of Ca and P were incubated in a simulation of the poultry digestive tract. InsPs were less degraded in the treatments with the supplementation of either P and Ca combined, or high P alone, in the presence of the Quantum Blue phytase.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Interactive effects of phosphorus, calcium, and phytase supplements on products of phytate degradation in the digestive tract of broiler chickens

et al. 2018

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This study aimed to distinguish between the single and interactive effects of phosphorus (P), calcium (Ca), and phytase on products of phytate degradation, including the disappearance of myo-inositol (MI), P, Ca, and amino acids (AA) in different segments of the digestive tract in broiler chickens. Additionally, all dephosphorylation steps from myo-inositol 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexakis (dihydrogen phosphate) (InsP6) to MI were investigated in the digesta of the terminal ileum. Unsexed Ross 308 broiler chickens were allocated to 56 pens with 19 birds per pen, and assigned to one of 8 dietary treatments. The dietary treatments included diets without (P−, 4.1 g/kg DM) or with (P+, 6.9 g/kg DM) monosodium phosphate supplementation, without (Ca−, 6.2 g/kg DM) or with (Ca+, 10.3 g/kg DM) additional fine limestone supplementation, and without or with 1,500 FTU phytase/kg feed in a factorial design. Adding Ca or P had no effect on InsP6 disappearance in the crop when phytase was added. InsP6 disappearance up to the terminal ileum (P−Ca− 56%) was decreased in P+Ca− (40%), and even more so in P+Ca+ (21%), when no phytase was added. Adding phytase removed all effects of P and Ca (77 to 87%); however, P+Ca+ increased the concentrations of lower InsP esters and reduced free MI in the ileum, even in the presence of phytase. These results indicate that mineral supplements, especially P and Ca combined, reduce the efficacy of endogenous microbial or epithelial phosphatases. Supplementation with phytase increased, while supplementation with Ca decreased the concentration of MI in all segments of the digestive tract and in blood plasma, demonstrating the ability of broilers to fully degrade phytate and absorb released MI. While AA disappearance was not affected by P or Ca, or an interaction among P, Ca, and phytase, it increased with the addition of phytase by 2 to 6%. This demonstrates the potential of the phytase used to increase AA digestibility, likely independent of P and Ca supply.

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“…However, the effects of supplemental phytase in available P- ( avP ) and Ca-deficient diets depend on the ability of the enzyme to degrade phytate (inositol hexaphosphate; IP 6 ) in the gastrointestinal tract ( GIT ). The efficacy of phytase to degrade phytate has been validated in in vitro (Menezes-Blackburn et al, 2015; Sommerfeld et al, 2017) and in vivo (Walk et al, 2014; Li et al, 2016; Beeson et al, 2017; Sommerfeld et al, 2018). Phytase degrades IP 6 into inositol penta-, tetra-, tri-, di-, and monophosphate (IP 5 through IP 1 ), releasing one phosphate molecule at a time in a stepwise manner (Greiner and Konietzny, 2011); however IP 6–3 are of greater importance because of their more pronounced anti-nutritional effects (Walk et al, 2014; Beeson et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The efficacy of 2 phytases on inositol phosphate degradation in different segments of the gastrointestinal tract, calcium and phosphorus digestibility, and bone quality of broilers

2019

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The anti-nutritional effects of dietary inositol phosphates (IP6 through IP3) have been recognized in broiler chickens; however, inositol hexaphosphate (IP6) is more potent than the lower IP esters. The efficacies of 2 commercial phytases, a Buttiauxella sp. phytase (BSP) and a Citrobacter braakii phytase (CBP) at 500 and 1,000 FTU/kg, were studied on IP6–3 concentrations in the crop, proventriculus + gizzard, and distal ileum digesta, and ileal IP6 disappearance in broilers at day 22. Apparent ileal P and Ca digestibility, and bone quality at days 22 and 33 were also measured. Female Ross 308 broilers (n = 1,890; 30 birds × 7 diets × 9 replicates) were fed corn-soy-based crumbled diets. The 7 diets included a primary breeder recommendation-based positive control diet (PC); the PC marginally reduced in available P by 0.146% and Ca by 0.134% of the diet, (NC1) or moderately reduced by 0.174 and 0.159% of the diet, respectively (NC2). Other diets were the NC1 + BSP or CBP at 500 FTU/kg (NC1+500BSP and NC1+500CBP) and the NC2 + BSP or CBP at 1,000 FTU/kg (NC2+1,000BSP and NC2+1,000CBP). Each of the NC1 and NC2 had distal ileum IP6 disappearance similar to that of PC, but each had lower P digestibility and the majority of measured bone quality parameters than the PC. The ileal IP6 levels were decreased by 52.0 and 32.7% for NC1+500BSP and NC1+500CBP, respectively, relative to NC1 and by 73.6 and 50.9% for NC2+1,000BSP and NC2+1,000CBP, respectively, relative to NC2 (P < 0.001), with a similar effect for distal ileum IP6 disappearance. Overall, phytase in the NC diets increased P digestibility, and femur breaking strength and cortical bone mineral density at days 22 and 33. Overall, each of the phytases at each dose degraded IP6–3 across the gastrointestinal tract segments to increase P digestibility and the P and Ca utilization in bone. However, dietary BSP at 1,000 FTU/kg was most effective. Supplemental phytase degrades phytate to decrease the anti-nutritional effects in a dose- and phytase-dependent manner.

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Modification and application of an in vitro assay to examine inositol phosphate degradation in the digestive tract of poultry

Cited by 14 publications

References 22 publications

Effect of supplemental phytase and xylanase in wheat-based diets on prececal phosphorus digestibility and phytate degradation in young turkeys

Effect of supplemental phytase and xylanase in wheat-based diets on prececal phosphorus digestibility and phytate degradation in young turkeys

Interactive effects of phosphorus, calcium, and phytase supplements on products of phytate degradation in the digestive tract of broiler chickens

The efficacy of 2 phytases on inositol phosphate degradation in different segments of the gastrointestinal tract, calcium and phosphorus digestibility, and bone quality of broilers

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