Modifiable and Non-modifiable Risk Factors for Colon and Rectal Cancer

Padmanabhan, Smitha; Waly, Mostafa I.; Taranikanti, Varna; Guizani, Nejib; Rahman, Mohammad Shafiur; Ali, Amanat; Al-Attabi, Zahir; Deth, Richard C.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-75693-6_10

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…With 19 million disability‐adjusted life‐years (DALYs) and over 18 million years of life lost (YLLs) in 2017 alone, CRC continues to have a significant impact on global public health 3 . Westernized diets, sedentary lifestyle behaviour and obesity are common modifiable risk factors 4 . As the world becomes more digitalized in addition to increasing obesity rates and globalization of Western diets, the incidence of CRC is expected to only rise.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Circular RNA in colorectal cancer

Wang

McAlister

et al. 2021

J Cellular Molecular Medi

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Circular RNA (circRNA) is a highly abundant type of single‐stranded non‐coding RNA. Novel research has discovered many roles of circRNA in colorectal cancer (CRC) including proliferation, metastasis and apoptosis. Furthermore, circRNAs also play a role in the development of drug resistance and have unique associations with tumour size, staging and overall survival in CRC that lend circRNAs the potential to serve as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Among cancers worldwide, CRC ranks second in mortality and third in incidence. In order to have a better understanding of the influence of circRNA on CRC development and progression, this review summarizes the role of specific circRNAs in CRC and evaluates their potential value as therapeutic targets and biomarkers for CRC. We aim to provide insight in the development of therapy and clinical decision‐making.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 Westernized diets, sedentary lifestyle behaviour and obesity are common modifiable risk factors. 4 As the world becomes more digitalized in addition to increasing obesity rates and globalization of Western diets, the incidence of CRC is…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Circular RNA in colorectal cancer

Wang

McAlister

et al. 2021

J Cellular Molecular Medi

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“…On the other hand, folate deficiency or disorders of folate metabolism pathways can induce oxidative stress, and folate supplementation can decrease the level of oxidative stress, and rescue the hypomethylation state of genome. A study found that folate and vitamin B12 supplementation decreased the level of oxidative stress and ameliorated the cytotoxic effects of AOM [28]. A recent study also found that folate and B12 treatment attenuated oxidative stress, decreased DNA total methylation levels and increased methylation level of SORBS1 induced by homocysteine [29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Folate metabolism modifies chromosomal damage induced by 1,3-butadiene: results from a match-up study in China and in vitro experiments

et al. 2021

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Objectives To explore the role of folate metabolism in 1,3-Butadiene (BD)'s genotoxicity, we conducted a match-up study in BD-exposed workers in China to analyze the associations between the polymorphisms of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) and the chromosomal damage induced by BD exposure, and culture-based experiments in TK-6 cells to examine the global DNA methylation levels and chromosomal damage when exposed both to BD’s genotoxic metabolite, 1,2:3,4-diepoxybutane (DEB), and MTHFR’s direct catalytic product, 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF). Methods Cytokinesis block micronucleus assay (CBMN) was used to examine the chromosomal damage induced by BD or DEB. Poisson regression models were produced to quantify the relationship of chromosomal damage and genetic polymorphisms in the BD-exposed workers. Global DNA methylation levels in TK6 cells were examined using DNA Methylation Quantification Kit. Results We found that BD-exposed workers carrying MTHFR C677T CC (2.00 ± 2.00‰) (FR = 0.36, 95%CI: 0.20–0.67, P < 0.01) or MTHFR C677T CT (2.87 ± 1.98‰) (FR = 0.49, 95%CI: 0.32–0.77, P < 0.01) genotypes had significantly lower nuclear bud (NBUD) frequencies than those carrying genotype MTHFR 677 TT (5.33 ± 2.60‰), respectively. The results in TK6 cells showed that there was a significant increment in frequencies of micronucleus (MN), nucleoplasmic bridge (NPB) and nuclear bud (NBUD) with exposure to DEB at each 5-MTHF dose (ANOVA, P < 0.01). Additionally, there was a significant decrease in frequencies of MN, NPB and NBUD in DEB-exposed cultures with increasing concentration of 5-MTHF (ANOVA, P < 0.05). The levels of global DNA methylation were significantly decreased by DEB treatment in a dose-dependent manner within each 5-MTHF concentration in TK-6 cells (ANOVA, P < 0.01), and were significantly increased by 5-MTHF supplementation within each DEB concentration (ANOVA, P < 0.01). Conclusion We reported that folate metabolism could modify the association between BD exposure and chromosomal damage, and such effect may be partially mediated by DNA hypomethylation, and 5-MTHF supplementation could rescue it.

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Underestimating the benefits of screening colonoscopy for colorectal cancer

Emile

Horesh

2023

Int J Colorectal Dis

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Modifiable and Non-modifiable Risk Factors for Colon and Rectal Cancer

Cited by 3 publications

References 30 publications

Circular RNA in colorectal cancer

Circular RNA in colorectal cancer

Folate metabolism modifies chromosomal damage induced by 1,3-butadiene: results from a match-up study in China and in vitro experiments

Underestimating the benefits of screening colonoscopy for colorectal cancer

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