Modes of transmission and evidence for viral latency from studies of human T-cell lymphotrophic virus type I in Japanese migrant populations in Hawaii.

Blattner, William A.; Nomura, Abraham M. Y.; Clark, Jeffrey W.; Ho, Gloria Y.F.; Nakao, Yoshinobu; Gallo, RobertC.; Robert-Guroff, Marjorie

doi:10.1073/pnas.83.13.4895

Cited by 79 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In regions considered endemic (Caribbean, Africa and Southwest Japan), HTLV-I antibody prevalence range from 3% to 15%, it is higher in older individuals and in females (Blattner et al; 1 Chavance et al; 3 Tokudome et al 15 ). Although it shares 65% of its genome with type I, HTLV-II is much less prevalent, predominating in native populations of the American continent and among injecting drug users in the United States and Europe (Hall et al 5 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HTLV-I/II and blood donors: determinants associated with seropositivity in a low risk population

Soares

Proietti

2003

Rev. Saúde Pública

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ObjectiveBlood donors in Brazil have been routinely screened for HTLV-I/II since 1993. A study was performed to estimate the prevalence of HTLV-I/II infection in a low risk population and to better understand determinants associated with seropositivity. Methods HTLV-I/II seropositive (n=135), indeterminate (n=167) and seronegative blood donors (n=116) were enrolled in an open prevalence prospective cohort study. A crosssectional epidemiological study of positive, indeterminate and seronegative HTLV-I/II subjects was conducted to assess behavioral and environmental risk factors for seropositivity. HTLV-I/II serological status was confirmed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (EIA) and Western blot (WB). ResultsThe three groups were not homogeneous. HTLV-I/II seropositivity was associated to past blood transfusion and years of schooling, a marker of socioeconomic status, and use of non-intravenous illegal drugs. ConclusionsThe study results reinforce the importance of continuous monitoring and improvement of blood donor selection process. Resumo Objetivo

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HTLV-I/II and blood donors: determinants associated with seropositivity in a low risk population

Soares

Proietti

2003

Rev. Saúde Pública

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“…The virus has been found to occur in remarkable intrafamilial clusters [15]. Transmission of the virus by blood or sexual contact is the most common mode of infection [16,17]. and universal screening of blood donations for HTLV-1 has been recommended by a Public Health Service Working Group [18] in the United States.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antenatal survey for the seroprevalence of HTLV-1 infections in the West Midlands, England

et al. 1993

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SUMMARYThe sera of 3522 women who attended an antenatal clinic in Birmingham, England were tested anonymously for antibodies against HTLV-1. Samples from 5 women (0-14%) were positive, one serum showed indeterminate reactivity. Two of the women (0-06%) were born in the West Indies (of Afro-Caribbean ethnic origin), one (003 %) in Africa (of African ethnic origin), and three (009 %) were white Caucasian women born in the UK. Thus, HTLV-1 infection in pregnant women in the UK, though comparatively rare, is not negligible. As transmission of HTLV-1 to the newborn via breast milk has been observed and as seropositive mothers can be advised to refrain from breastfeeding or to tieat their milk, the question of routine screening for HTLV-1 infection during antenatal care is discussed.

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“…The prevalence of HTLV-I antibody is generally high in areas where ATLL cases are common, notably in Japan and the Caribbean [7][8][9]. In Okinawa, Japan, age-specific prevalence ranged from 2 2 to 31 5 % with seropositivity increasing with age [10]. Additionally, clusters of infection have been identified from sera screened in the Caribbean (51 %), West/Central Africa (100%), and Hawaii (11P2%) [11].…”

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confidence: 99%

A serosurvey for HTLV-I among high-risk populations and normal adults in Egypt

Constantine

Sheba²,

Corwin

et al. 1991

Epidemiol. Infect.

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SUMMARYThe prevalence of antibodies to human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) was determined in high-risk groups and normal adults in Egypt. Among 647 individuals tested, 6 (0 9 %) were confirmed positive by western blot analysis. These included 2 (0-7 %) of 279 drug addicts, 1 (3 3 %) of 30 patients with sexually transmitted diseases, and 3 (2-2%) of 133 healthy individuals. Antibody was not detected in 47 blood recipients or 158 prostitutes. There was no correlation between sex or geographical location and HTLV-I infection. Fifty-three of the 647 sera (8%) were initially reactive by ELISA, but only 12 sera were repeatedly reactive. Since only 4 of these repeatedly reactive sera were confirmed by the western blot, the frequency of false positives using the DuPont screening ELISA was 1P2 % (8/643). Two additional sera, confirmed positive by western blot, had been reactive, but not repeatedly, by ELISA. In comparison to the prevalence of HTLV-I antibody among risk groups in many parts of the world, the prevalence in Egypt was low.

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Modes of transmission and evidence for viral latency from studies of human T-cell lymphotrophic virus type I in Japanese migrant populations in Hawaii.

Cited by 79 publications

References 22 publications

HTLV-I/II and blood donors: determinants associated with seropositivity in a low risk population

HTLV-I/II and blood donors: determinants associated with seropositivity in a low risk population

Antenatal survey for the seroprevalence of HTLV-1 infections in the West Midlands, England

A serosurvey for HTLV-I among high-risk populations and normal adults in Egypt

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