Modes of Speciation in Birds: A Test of Lynch's Method

Chesser, R. Terry; Zink, Robert M.

doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.1994.tb01326.x

Cited by 132 publications

(153 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Lynch (1989) used geographic distribution as a proxy for the historical population size of species and concluded from a literature review that peripatric speciation of peripheral isolates is rare. However, the assumption is tenuous that species range distributions are associated with historical N (Chesser and Zink 1994). In sister species that are still sorting ancestral polymorphisms in a portion of their genomes, measuring historical population size provides a more direct method of testing these speciation models.…”

Section: Speciation Without a Genetic Bottleneck?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Evidence on the Demography of Speciation in Allopatric Dolphin Species

2002

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Abstract. Under a neutral model, the stochastic lineage sorting that leads to gene monophyly proceeds slowly in large populations. Therefore, in many recent species with large population size, the genome will have mixed support for monophyly unless historical bottlenecks have accelerated coalescence. We use genealogical patterns in mitochondrial DNA and in introns of four nuclear loci to test for historical bottlenecks during the speciation and divergence of two temperate Lagenorhynchus dolphin species isolated by tropical Pacific waters (an antitropical distribution). Despite distinct morphologies, foraging behaviors, and mitochondrial DNAs, these dolphin species are polyphyletic at all four nuclear loci. The abundance of shared polymorphisms between these sister taxa is most consistent with the maintenance of large effective population sizes (5.09 ϫ 10 4 to 10.9 ϫ 10 4 ) during 0.74-1.05 million years of divergence. A variety of population size histories are possible, however. We used gene tree coalescent probabilities to explore the rejection region for historical bottlenecks of different intensity given best estimates of effective population size under a strict isolation model of divergence. In L. obliquidens the data are incompatible with a colonization propagule of an effective size of 10 or fewer individuals. Although the ability to reject less extreme historical bottlenecks will require data from additional loci, the intermixed genealogical patterns observed between these dolphin sister species are highly probable only under an extended history of large population size. If similar demographic histories are inferred for other marine antitropical taxa, a parsimonious model for the Pleistocene origin of these distributions would not involve rare breaches of a constant dispersal barrier by small colonization propagules. Instead, a history of large population size in L. obliquidens and L. obscurus contributes to growing biological and environmental evidence that the equatorial barrier became permeable during glacial/interglacial cycles, leading to vicariant isolation of antitropical populations.

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Section: Speciation Without a Genetic Bottleneck?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Evidence on the Demography of Speciation in Allopatric Dolphin Species

2002

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“…The empirical basis for this viewpoint is the observation that closely related sister species tend to be geographically separated with either discontinuous (allopatric) or adjacent (parapatric) geographic ranges (Lynch 1989;Chesser & Zink 1994).…”

Section: Identifying Modes Of Speciation and Subsequent Phenotypic Chmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revealing the factors that promote speciation

Barraclough

Vogler

Harvey

1998

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B

200

196

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What biological attributes of organisms promote speciation, and ultimately, species diversity? This question has a long history of interest, with proposed diversity promoters including attributes such as sexual selection, ecological specialism and dispersability. However, such ideas are di¤cult to test because the time-scale of processes involved is too great for direct human observation and experimentation. An increasingly powerful solution is to investigate diversity patterns among extant groups to infer the nature of processes operating during the evolution of those groups. This approach relies on the use of robust, phylogenetically based null models to overcome some of the problems inherent in observational inference. We illustrate this area by (i) discussing recent advances in identifying correlates of diversity among higher taxa, and (ii) proposing new methods for analysing patterns in species-level phylogenies, drawing examples from a wide range of organisms.

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“…Three are confined to the lowlands, six to montane habitats and two share both life zones. Importantly, prior to detailed study, most species seemed to be allo-or parapatrically distributed, indicating minimal post-speciation dispersal might have occurred in the genus to obscure speciation patterns (Lynch 1989;Chesser & Zink 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Montane speciation patterns in Ithomiola butterflies (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae): are they consistently moving up in the world?

Hall

2005

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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Tropical lowland areas have often been seen as the centres of terrestrial species proliferation, but recent evidence suggests that young species may be more frequent in montane areas. Several montane speciation modes have been proposed, but their relative frequencies and predominant evolutionary sequence remain unclear because so few biogeographic and phylogenetic studies have tested such questions. I use morphological data to generate a phylogenetic hypothesis for all 11 species of the riodinid butterfly genus Ithomiola (Riodininae: Mesosemiini: Napaeina). These species are shown here to be all strictly geographically and elevationally allo-or parapatrically distributed with respect to their closest relatives in lowland and montane regions throughout the Neotropics. The overwhelming pattern in Ithomiola is of repeated upward parapatric speciation across an elevational gradient, and the genus appears to provide the clearest example to date of vertical montane speciation. All of the young derived species are montane and all of the old basal species are confined to the lowlands, supporting the hypothesis of montane regions largely as 'species pumps' and lowland regions as 'museums'. Possible reasons for the post-speciation maintenance of parapatric ranges in Ithomiola are discussed.

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Modes of Speciation in Birds: A Test of Lynch's Method

Cited by 132 publications

References 24 publications

Genetic Evidence on the Demography of Speciation in Allopatric Dolphin Species

Genetic Evidence on the Demography of Speciation in Allopatric Dolphin Species

Revealing the factors that promote speciation

Montane speciation patterns in Ithomiola butterflies (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae): are they consistently moving up in the world?

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