Modes of ?normal? and ?deteriorated? heat exchange in the single-phase near-critical region in the turbulent flow of helium in tubes

Pron'ko, V. G.; Malyshev, G. P.; Migalinskaya, L. N.

doi:10.1007/bf00867182

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…(1)). Yeroshenko and Yaskin (1981) analyzed the applicability of the following correlating equations for the Nusselt number: equations by Miropol'skii and Shitsman (1957), Krasnoshchekov and Protopopov (1966), Pron'ko et al, 1976), Petukhov et al (1976), and proposed the following correlation:…”

Section: Circular Tubesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Heat transfer to supercritical fluids flowing in channels—empirical correlations (survey)

Pioro

Khartabil

Duffey

2004

Nuclear Engineering and Design

392

155

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Section: Circular Tubesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Heat transfer to supercritical fluids flowing in channels—empirical correlations (survey)

Pioro

Khartabil

Duffey

2004

Nuclear Engineering and Design

392

155

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“…The variation of density and Prandtl number at various pressures (isobars) has been shown in Figure 7 based on the NIST fluid properties data for helium. The various heat transfer studies for supercritical helium heat transfer have been carried out [ 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 ] for the internal flow and most of the correlations were suggested based on the Dittus Boelter correlation as given in a general form in Eq. (5) .…”

Section: Cryogenic Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer In Fusion Devicementioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 64 , 70 ] 0.0258 0.801 0.461 -0.711 8.3% Pron'ko et al. [ 65 , 71 ] 0.036 0.8 1.2 0 Brassington et al. [ 67 , 68 ] Upward flow 0.0602 0.718 0.5 -0.48 8.5%

is harmonic average over the range

Brassington et al.…”

Section: Cryogenic Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer In Fusion Devicementioning

confidence: 99%

Forced flow cryogenic cooling in fusion devices: A review

Vaghela

Lakhera

Sarkar

2021

Heliyon

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The constantly increasing energy consumption along with the depleting fossil fuel resources as well as owing to the fact that the nuclear fission not being an intrinsically safe method of energy generation, it has become necessary to look for other solutions to fulfil the future energy demands. Nuclear fusion, the source of energy for billions of stars, has attracted the attention of scientists and engineers despite a lot of technical challenges in the replication of the fusion process in laboratories. For fusion to take place in a device, one of the major challenges faced is the strong magnetic confinement of the plasma using large superconducting (SC) magnets, which need efficient cryogenic cooling techniques to maintain the required low temperatures for the superconducting state. In order to maintain the compactness, the SC magnets generally employ Cable in Conduit Conductor (CICC) windings, carrying high current densities, which are cooled by the forced flow of helium at ~4 K temperature to maintain the required superconducting temperatures. The construction of CICC aims to maintain the superconductivity state by optimization of various parameters such as thermal stability, the ratio of normal conductor to SC material, mechanical strength, low hydraulic impedance, current density, magnetic field, etc. The cryogenic thermal stability of the CICC is of prime importance for safe, stable and reliable operation of SC magnets. The prediction of thermal and hydraulic behavior of the CICC in large SC magnets is difficult due to the complex geometry involved, the variation in fluid properties, various heat in-flux incidences over the long length of CICC and a complex heat transport phenomenon. Another application which utilizes a forced flow cryogenic cooling in the fusion devices is a cryo-adsorption pump for creating clean and high vacuum with large pumping speed. This paper presents an overview of the forced flow cryogenic cooling schemes in fusion devices along with a systematic review of the thermal and hydraulic studies related to CICC and cryo-adsorption pump, thereby highlighting the challenges and opportunities for further improvement in their design and performance.

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Review of existing experimental findings on forced convection heat transfer to supercritical

Kasao

Ito

1989

Cryogenics

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Modes of ?normal? and ?deteriorated? heat exchange in the single-phase near-critical region in the turbulent flow of helium in tubes

Cited by 3 publications

References 2 publications

Heat transfer to supercritical fluids flowing in channels—empirical correlations (survey)

Heat transfer to supercritical fluids flowing in channels—empirical correlations (survey)

Forced flow cryogenic cooling in fusion devices: A review

Review of existing experimental findings on forced convection heat transfer to supercritical

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