Modes of metal toxicity and impaired branchial ionoregulation in rainbow trout exposed to mixtures of Pb and Cd in soft water

Metal Mixture Modeling Evaluation project: 2. Comparison of four modeling approaches

“…From a chemical perspective, the log K M values for the HDR and CEH models followed an expected increase in metal binding based on affinities of metals to oxygen donor groups on organic acids (Cd < Zn < Pb; Figure 5A). In contrast, the AIST and USGS models had larger binding constants for Cd that were similar to previously reported log K M values for Cd . This stronger binding of Cd to biological ligands was attributed to active Ca transport and ionic mimicry in fish gills .…”

“…In contrast, the LA50 values for the HDR and CEH models varied more (0.01% for Cd, 7% for Zn, and 2.9% for Pb for the HDR model; 0.05% for Cd, 9.8% for Zn, and 22% for Pb for the CEH model). For comparison, experimentally derived LA50 values for Cd, Zn, and Pb in rainbow trout studies have ranged from 10% to 64% coverage of strong binding sites on the gill . These values represent the higher end of the model‐calculated LA50 values and are not supportive of the very low LA50 values for Cd in the HDR model.…”

Speciation and Transport of Phosphorus in Source Area Rainfall–Runoff

“…Detailed description of this model is reported elsewhere (Kinniburgh et al 1999). If compared with the widely used Gaussian model for DOC behavior description (Birceanu et al 2008;Buerge-Weirich and Sulzberger 2004;Dean et al 2005;Gardner et al 2007;Hesterberg et al 2006), the NICA-Donnan model provide a more realistic assessment of metalhumic complexation and has been shown in several studies to be a versatile model capable of describing observed humic ion-binding behavior well over a wide range of conditions (Christensen et al 1998;Pinheiro et al 1999). Based on the research of Bryan et al (2002) it is assumed that 70% of the organic matter is active with respect to proton and metal binding, with a mean conversion for DOM to DOC of 1.4.…”

Effects of waterborne cadmium on thyroid hormone levels and related gene expression in Chinese rare minnow larvae

“…Although there is some literature on Cd 2+ toxicity on fish juveniles and adults (Birceanu et al, 2008;Omer et al, 2012), less is known about its effect during early life stages of development. In the current study, the 96-h LC50 of Cd 2+ for Chinese rare minnow larvae (7 days after hatching) was 2.59 mg/L.…”