Modes of Liability in International Criminal Law

Abstract

Section 13 ('Omissions'): '(1) Whosoever fails to avert a result which is an element of a criminal provision shall only be liable under this law if he is responsible under law to ensure that the result does not occur, and if the omission is equivalent to the realization of the statutory elements of the offence through a positive act. (2) The sentence may be mitigated pursuant to section 49(1).' 21 On the latter argument, see below para. 27 ss. 22 See the thorough research by A. Dan, Le Délit de commission par omission: éléments de droit suisse et comparé (Zürich: Schulthess, 2015), at 201-211. See also Ambos, Treatise, supra n. 17, at 188. 23 See below para. 10. 24 Duties that are too general conflict with the legality principle, see above para. 7. 25 Duttwiler, supra n. 5, at 8.