Modernization of the technology for obtaining technical silicon for solar energy

Abdurakhmanov, B. M.; Ashurov, Kh. B.; Kurbanov, M. Sh.; Nuraliev, Ulugbek

doi:10.3103/s0003701x14040045

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…But if FRs are left behind, the carbon in the residues will be emitted little by little into the atmosphere as a result of decomposition anyway. Opponents of FR usage are concerned that excessive removal of FRs is likely to ultimately entail nutrient imbalances and, as a matter of consequence, reduce forest productivity. , There is a compromise, which is leaving a fraction of the FRs behind on the forest floor to sustain the nutrient balance. FRs typically contain more ash and extractives because of the presence of the needles and bark .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Charcoal “Mines” in the Norwegian Woods

et al. 2016

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ABSTRACT:This paper reviews lab-scale flash carbonization experiments under elevated pressure using Norwegian wood as a feedstock. Norway's silicon and ferrosilicon industry has been urged to reduce fossil CO 2 emissions by increasing the use of charcoal as a substitute for coal and coke in the reduction process. As charcoal is not produced in Norway, large amounts of it are imported from South-Asia. Norway now intends to produce charcoal locally using optimum carbonization techniques from local biomass and forestry waste. That is where the pressurized flash carbonization experiments come in. Birch, spruce and forest residue or GROT samples (GRener Og Topper, i.e. branches and tops) were carbonized, enabling the analysis of the impact of pressure and FC canister insulation on their respective fixed carbon yields. Forest residue (FR) proved to be proper to make charcoal, as fixed carbon contents of 80% could be achieved at moderate pressures. The fixed carbon yields of spruce and birch wood reached over 90% of their theoretical values. The high charcoal yields can result in remarkable cost savings for the metallurgical industry, while at the same time making excessive deforestation unnecessary. The use of coal will soon be abandoned and charcoal 'mines' could become an obvious choice. 1.IntroductionBecause of the increasing demand for (Si-based) solar panels, for computer chips (following Moore's law) and for silicon for the massive metal production of countries like China 1 , the demand for silicon alloys and other ferroalloys has never been higher. The metal and alloy industry heavily depends on coal as a raw product. In electric arc furnaces, coal acts as a reductant and a carbon source, while in the older blast furnaces coal also acts as an energy source.These industries will not face raw silicon shortages, because over 25% of the earth's crust consists of this element, usually found in the form of silica SiO 2 . However, justifying the use of coal as a raw product in the manufacturing process of computer chips, photovoltaic panels and other metal commodities will pose a problem, especially with changing climate change policies.There are not many substitutes for coal, but charcoal is one. Charcoal has low ash and sulfur content compared to coal, while still maintaining high SiO reactivity, which makes charcoal

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Charcoal “Mines” in the Norwegian Woods

et al. 2016

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“…At the same time, special attention is paid to technologies that do not require the usage of special raw materials and many reagents. For these purposes, metallurgical industrial wastes in the form of slags and microsilica from the copper and silicon-ferrosilicon production, respectively, can be used [16,17]. It is shown that dispersed powders of amorphous silica with high purity and a relatively small SBET in the range 60-65 m 2 /g can be synthesized from such waste products by the fluoride synthesis method using a single reagentammonium fluoride (NH4F) at temperatures not exceeding 400°C according to the following reactions (2-3) [18,19]:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Characteristics of the Structure and Physicochemical Properties of Silica Synthesized by Pyrogenic and Fluoride Methods

Kurbanov

Tulaganov

Nuraliev

et al. 2022

Silicon

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“…This is proved by the results of the large-scale bench and applied research on the use of polymeric materials. At the same time, it is especially important to use available, and environmentally friendly technologies, such as solar treatment using direct sunlight [10] or special concenters and converters of solar radiation [11][12][13] in conjunction with physicochemical methods of modification of hetero-composite polymer materials [14,15] at formation (curing) of coatings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Features of structural adaptability of polymer composite coatings

et al. 2021

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Coatings based on thermosetting and thermoplastic polymer binders using mechanically activated silicate fillers from local natural raw materials (from Koytash deposit), activated on a mechano-activator of wollastonite of different dispersion were investigated. The studies conducted made it possible to establish the effect of the surface roughness of the material on the cotton fiber damageability under their frictional interaction and the phenomena occurring in the polymer-cotton tribosystem, where, after the end of non-stationary friction, i.e. during the running-in period with a stable frictional interaction, the processes of formation of dynamic tribostructures continuously occur. These tribostructures provide a certain stable and minimum value of the friction force, and their destruction is compensated by their restoration, owing to information feedback.

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Modernization of the technology for obtaining technical silicon for solar energy

Cited by 8 publications

References 2 publications

Charcoal “Mines” in the Norwegian Woods

Charcoal “Mines” in the Norwegian Woods

Comparative Characteristics of the Structure and Physicochemical Properties of Silica Synthesized by Pyrogenic and Fluoride Methods

Features of structural adaptability of polymer composite coatings

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