Modernization and Commercialization in the Tanzimat Period: 1838-1875

Toprak, Zafer

doi:10.15184/s0896634600000492

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The bureaucrats promoted reforms during the Tanzimat era (1839–1876) that shifted the ‘empire towards a more modern bureaucratic form, away from the patrimonial mix, and in tune with the models of modernity that were out in the international arena’ (Barkey 2016: 124; Toprak 1992).…”

Section: Situating the Ottoman Empire In The Capitalist World-economymentioning

confidence: 99%

Defining financial reforms in the 19th-century capitalist world-economy: The Ottoman case (1838–1914)

Conte

2021

Capital & Class

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Capitalist-style reforms were an important factor in the economic and social evolution of the Late Ottoman Empire. This research investigates how foreign governments and financiers, and especially Britain, influenced these various financial reforms implemented in the Ottoman Empire during the 19th century. The chief purpose of such reforms was to integrate the Empire into the capitalist world-economy by imposing, both directly and indirectly, the adoption of rules, institutions, attitudes and procedures amenable to exploitation on the part of foreign and also local capitalists. Drawing on primary sources, mainly from the United Kingdom’s National Archives, the article argues that foreign pressure for financial reforms was instrumental in the Empire’s economic subjection to the rules and norms that regulated the capitalist world-economy, most notably in the field of public finance, banking and the monetary sector. It takes a long-term view and largely adheres to the scholarly evolution of Antonio Gramsci’s theory of hegemony and world-systems theory and methodology developed by Fernand Braudel, Immanuel Wallerstein and Giovanni Arrighi, adopting a multidisciplinary and macro-scale perspective. Special attention is paid to the correlation between secondary and primary sources in support of empirical evidence. More broadly, this research contributes to the literature on the capitalist world-economy and brings a set of theoretical frameworks to bear on defining the role of financial reforms induced mainly by Britain in peripheral and semi-peripheral countries.

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Section: Situating the Ottoman Empire In The Capitalist World-economymentioning

confidence: 99%

Defining financial reforms in the 19th-century capitalist world-economy: The Ottoman case (1838–1914)

Conte

2021

Capital & Class

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“…34 Considered a period of modernization and a divergence from traditional norms of planning and conservation in the Ottoman Empire, this modernization touched almost every dimension of the Ottoman Empire, aiming at structural differentiation, secularization, and urbanization. 35 The push for Tanzimat modernization led to the establishment of the first public display of the Ottoman Empire, housed at the former Church of Hagia Irene, which had been integrated with the Topkapı Palace Complex as the imperial armory. With the rearrangement of Hagia Irene into the House of Antiquities and Weaponry in 1846, the Sultanahmet district first encountered the notion of museum, and of musealization as a potentially transformative process.…”

Section: Sultanahmet District As the Public Face Of Istanbul's Historic Peninsulamentioning

confidence: 99%

Musealization as an Urban Process: The Transformation of the Sultanahmet District in Istanbul’s Historic Peninsula

Aykaç

2019

Journal of Urban History

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As culture-led urban regeneration has become a widely adopted strategy for dilapidated historic cities, the museum as a concept has become a key aspect of this regeneration. With the tangible and intangible aspects of culture being presented in museums, many historic buildings are repurposed as museums, urban, or archaeological sites designated as open-air museums, and the boundaries between museums and historic cities have been dissolved. This article discusses how the museum concept expands from the boundaries of a single building into the historic city itself. Defining this expansion as musealization, this article evaluates its contribution as an urban process in the transformation of Sultanahmet in Istanbul’s historic peninsula, which has been the major subject of conservation studies from the nineteenth century until present day.

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A debate on the theory of contradictory class locations and middle classes: reproduction strategies of small traders in Turkey

Altınoklu

Boyraz

2022

Turkish Studies

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Modernization and Commercialization in the Tanzimat Period: 1838-1875

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Defining financial reforms in the 19th-century capitalist world-economy: The Ottoman case (1838–1914)

Defining financial reforms in the 19th-century capitalist world-economy: The Ottoman case (1838–1914)

Musealization as an Urban Process: The Transformation of the Sultanahmet District in Istanbul’s Historic Peninsula

A debate on the theory of contradictory class locations and middle classes: reproduction strategies of small traders in Turkey

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