In early 1998 (Le Monde, 17 January), controversy arose in the Paris region about IBM's continuing tapping of ancient underground aquifers. The production of new generation computer chips requires large volumes of water of the highest purity to cleanse micro-pores. Environmentalists, seeking to protect historical 'natural waters', were outraged. The water company, Lyonnaise des Eaux, was worried about the potential loss of water and, consequently, future dividends. The state at a variety of scales was caught up in the myriad of tensions ensuing from this: protection of the natural environment versus economic priorities, the competing claims of different companies, etc… The ancient underground waters fused with politics, economics and culture in intricate ways. This is just one example from a proliferating number where the traditional distinction between environment and society, between nature and culture, becomes blurred, ambiguous and problematic. The contested 'making' of 'Dolly', the cloned sheep, the outbreak of BSE (mad cow disease), the built-up of CO 2 in the atmosphere, and the depletion of ozone in the stratosphere similarly fuse physical-environmental metabolisms with socio-cultural and political-economic relations. These all suggest how nature and society are constituted as networks of interwoven processes that are human and natural, real and fictional, mechanical and organic. They also suggest how the social and physical transformation of the world is inserted in a series of scalar spatialities. 'Dolly', Ozone, or Parisian aquifer waters all embody and express physical and social processes, whose drivers operate at a variety of interlocked and nested geographical scales.