Moderne technische Phenol‐Synthesen I

Abstract

Phenol wird in wachsenden Mengen benötigt. Das Cumol/Phenol‐Verfahren, das Raschig‐Verfahren und das Toluol/Phenol‐Verfahren gewannen damit besonders an Interesse. Neben einigen anderen Verfahren, Phenol herzustellen, werden deswegen die technologischen Grundlagen und Verbesserungen dieser Verfahren ausführlich behandelt.

Phenol

“…Lower temperatures than 100 C may require lower partial pressures of oxygen. The oxidation of cumene with pure oxygen in stirred vessels has been already described [11].…”

“…4a). Recycle acetone from the distillation is added to the CHP before the reaction vessel [11]. Another possibility is to remove the heat from the reaction vessel with an external heat exchanger in a loop ( Fig.…”

“…The industrial cumene oxidation process was developed and commercialized after World War II by The Distillers Co. in Great Britain and the Hercules Powder Company in the USA [10,11]. The first plant started up in 1952 at Shawinigan, Canada, with a capacity of 8000 t/a.…”

“…Concentration is performed by one-or multiple-step vacuum distillation [11]. Cumene is separated from concentrated CHP at temperatures below 100 C to minimize thermal decomposition of the organic peroxide.…”

“…In heterogeneous cleavage the first stage is carried out in a circulation loop of 40 wt % aqueous sulfuric acid [11,30,31] (Fig. 5).…”