Modern Trends in Uses of Different Wastes to Produce Nanoparticles and Their Environmental Applications

Abstract

Wastes are produced at large amounts all over the world. These wastes cause a variety of problems to the ecosystem, plants, animals, and humans. In this chapter, we discuss the wastes, types of wastes, sources of wastes, and problems related to wastes, especially health-related problems. Then we discuss agricultural wastes and how we can synthesize different nanoparticles from them. Also, we discuss industrial wastes and different nanoparticles synthesized from them. Additionally, we discuss fruit wastes and production of different nanoparticles and also food wastes and their uses in nanoparticle syntheses. Also, we can use other wastes to produce nanoparticles. In applications section, we discuss the use of different nanoparticles produced in agriculture, removal of heavy metals and pollutants from environment, industry and finally medical applications. We will finish our chapter with the topic of healthy and safe synthesis of nanoparticles produced by different wastes and then conclusion.

Nanocellulose from Agricultural Waste – A Concise Insight into Extraction and Applications

“…High-pressure homogenization, ultrasonication, and ball milling were the most commonly used mechanical procedures 26 . Conversion of cellulose into glucose may be achieved using enzymes that help to catalyze the breakup of the cellulose polymer into small branches of the polymer 27 . Enzymatic hydrolysis is a viable option for producing nanocellulose, but is still a work in progress compared to alkaline and acid methods 27 .…”

“…Conversion of cellulose into glucose may be achieved using enzymes that help to catalyze the breakup of the cellulose polymer into small branches of the polymer 27 . Enzymatic hydrolysis is a viable option for producing nanocellulose, but is still a work in progress compared to alkaline and acid methods 27 . Enzymatic hydrolysis breaks down or alters cellulose fibers with the use of enzymes and the biological treatments using enzymes often require only moderate conditions, but a lengthy period of operation therefore enzymatic hydrolysis is often combined with other techniques 26 .…”

Phosphate‐Assisted Remediation of Pb(II) From Jarosite

“…Several nanomaterials have been prepared using industrial and agriculture waste materials in the past. [21][22][23] Previously, a biogenic synthesis of ZnÀ Fe nanofertilizer from Jarosite waste has been reported. [4] The efficacy of this biogenic material had been tested on seed emergence activity of wheat (Triticum aestivum) seeds and the higher growth was seen at 20 ppm concentration.…”

“…Having them in the right quantities makes plants healthy, strong, and eventually help to increase crop production. Several nanomaterials have been prepared using industrial and agriculture waste materials in the past [21–23] . Previously, a biogenic synthesis of Zn−Fe nanofertilizer from Jarosite waste has been reported [4] .…”

Sustainable synthesis of multifunctional nanomaterials from rice wastes: a comprehensive review

“…Green techniques is a way of making nanomaterials that is clean, safe, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly. Nanomaterials are now made from various microorganisms, plants (Vanlalveni et al 2021 ; Pal et al 2022a , b ), leaf extracts, and a variety of waste (Abdelbary and Abdelfattah 2020 ).…”