Modern trends in epidemiology of dementia and management of patients with cognitive impairment

Abstract

Dementia is an important medical problem with the prevalence and significance growing year after year. Improvement of diagnostic methods facilitates early diagnosis and treatment. This year marks the 20th anniversary of memantine, one of the basic anti-dementia drugs, registration in Russia. It provided conditions for more efficient care of patients with dementia and development of memory clinics in Moscow and major regions of Russia used modern investigation technology and neuropsychological testing. Many multi-central studies involving 1250 patients with cognitive impairment were conducted A great number of educational activities, social projects that helped to increase awareness of dementia issues in medical community as well as society in general were implemented. Total screening programs for identification of cognitive impairment are being introduced, psychological support programs for caregivers of dementia patients are being implemented.

Лікування Когнітивних Розладів При Депресії, Зумовленій Цереброваскулярною Патологією: Можливості Впливу На Ацетилхолінову Нейротрансмісію

“…Одним з поширених варіантів депресії є депресивні стани при цереброваскулярній патології, які розвиваються в осіб віком >45 років і характеризуються складними коморбідними взає мовідносинами судинної й афективної патології, результатом чого є анергія, виражений когнітивний дефіцит і прогресивне порушення соціального функціонування, що мають особливо несприятливі медико-соціальні наслідки [2][3][4][5][6][7].…”

“…Особливої актуальності проблема ефективності лікування цереброваскулярної патології з коморбідною депресією набуває в умовах пандемії COVID-19 [2,[12][13][14][15][16][17].…”

A Modern Approach to the Problem of Cognitive and Motor Impairment in Dementia

“…Growth the number of patients with dementia is related to the quality of the life and it is especially pronounced in low and middle income countries. A in developed countries positive trend towards the decrease the number of patients with dementia is associated with improved living conditions and the quality of medical care [1].…”

“…In this group of patients, the results of a neuropsychological examination and brain MRI/CT often indicate a mixed etiology of cognitive impairment -a combination of vascular and degenerative deceases. Post-stroke cognitive impairment can be reversible or partially reversible [1]. Mistakes in the diagnosis of cognitive impairment in cases of chronic cerebrovascular ischemia delay the start of specific treatment and lead to a decrease in the quality of life.…”

Action Observation With Dual Task for Improving Cognitive Abilities in Parkinson’s Disease: A Pilot Study

“…Cognitive dysfunctions in PD have also been treated through non-pharmacologic therapies. These approaches are mainly based on cognitive rehabilitation and physical therapy (Murray et al, 2014; Dancis and Cotter, 2015). Cognitive rehabilitation includes four domains of practice (Sinforiani et al, 2004; Biundo et al, 2017): (i) educate the patient about their cognitive weaknesses and strengths; (ii) help to develop lost cognitive skills through retraining; (iii) develop compensatory strategies; and (iv) use the three skills developed through (i–iii) to enhance function in life activities.…”