Modern treatment of typhoid fever

Mandal, B K

doi:10.1016/0163-4453(91)90758-k

Cited by 32 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The antimicrobials used for treatment of enteric fever used to be chloramphenicol, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and ampicillin. However, after the development of resistance to these agents, fluoroquinolones, such as ciprofloxacin, became the drug of choice for the treatment of this infection (Eykyn & Williams, 1987;Mandal, 1991). However, there have been several reports, including from India, of therapeutic failure of ciprofloxacin in patients with enteric fever (Aarestrup et al, 2003;Kapil et al, 1999).…”

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confidence: 99%

High-level ciprofloxacin resistance in Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi in India

Renuka

Sood

Das

et al. 2005

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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High-level ciprofloxacin resistance in Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi in India

Renuka

Sood

Das

et al. 2005

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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“…Both groups have excellent in vitro activities against S. typhi, and both have been used successfully for treatment. Indeed, it has been suggested recently that fluoroquinolones should be the treatment of choice for typhoid fever, particularly when multidrug resistance is likely, such as infections acquired in the Indian subcontinent (16,21). However, there have been no comparative studies between broad-spectrum cephalosporins and the fluoroquinolones.…”

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Comparison of ofloxacin and ceftriaxone for short-course treatment of enteric fever

Smith

Duong

Hoà

et al. 1994

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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An open, randomized comparison of ofloxacin (200 mg, every 12 h) given orally for 5 days and ceftriaxone (3 g, once daily) given intravenously for 3 days in the treatment of uncomplicated enteric fever was conducted in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Salmonella paratyphi type A was isolated from six patients. Salmonella typhi was isolated from 41 patients; 63% of these isolates were resistant to multiple antibiotics: ampicillin, chloramphenicol, sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, and tetracycline. Of the culture-confirmed cases, treatment with ofloxacin resulted in complete cure of all 22 patients, whereas 18 of 25 patients treated with ceftriaxone were completely cured (P < 0.01). In the ceftriaxone group, there were six acute treatment failures and one relapse. Mean +/- standard deviation fever clearance times were 81 +/- 25 h for ofloxacin and 196 +/- 87 h for ceftriaxone (P < 0.0001). Short-course treatment with oral ofloxacin (5 days) is significantly better than that with ceftriaxone (3 days) and will be of particular benefit in areas where multiresistant strains of S. typhi are encountered.

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“…The causative organism, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi) has rapidly gained resistance to these antibiotics [3,4] and so fluoroquinolones, such as ciprofloxacin, became the drug of choice for the treatment of enteric fever [5,6]. The incidence of multidrug resistant (MDR) S. Typhi was as high as 60% but then declined in Pune (1999), Nagpur (2001) and Calcutta (2000) [7,8,9].…”

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A case report and review of the literature: Ciprofloxacin resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi in India

Harish

Menezes

Sarangapani

et al. 2008

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Background: Enteric fever is a major public health problem in India. The current treatment of choice is the fluoroquinolones. Methods: The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ciprofloxacin was determined by E-test, HIMEDIA HiComb MIC test and agar dilution. Results: An isolate of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi) from a case of enteric fever gave a ciprofloxacin MIC of 64µg/ml. Conclusions: To our knowledge there have been no reports of such high-level resistance to ciprofloxacin in S. Typhi from southern India. HIMEDIA HiComb MIC test method is an alternative to the E-test. Ciprofloxacin resistant typhoid fever responds to treatment with ceftriaxone.

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Modern treatment of typhoid fever

Cited by 32 publications

References 21 publications

High-level ciprofloxacin resistance in Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi in India

High-level ciprofloxacin resistance in Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi in India

Comparison of ofloxacin and ceftriaxone for short-course treatment of enteric fever

A case report and review of the literature: Ciprofloxacin resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi in India

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