Modern Electrode Technologies for Ion and Molecule Sensing

Abstract

In high concentrations, ionic species can be toxic in the body, catalyzing unwanted bioreactions, inhibiting enzymes, generating free radicals, in addition to having been associated with diseases like Alzheimer’s and cancer. Although ionic species are ubiquitous in the environment in trace amounts, high concentrations of these metals are often found within industrial and agricultural waste runoff. Therefore, it remains a global interest to develop technologies capable of quickly and accurately detecting trace levels of ionic species, particularly in aqueous environments that naturally contain other competing/inhibiting ions. Herein, we provide an overview of the technologies that have been developed, including the general theory, design, and benefits/challenges associated with ion-selective electrode technologies (carrier-doped membranes, carbon-based varieties, enzyme inhibition electrodes). Notable variations of these electrodes will be highlighted, and a brief overview of associated electrochemical techniques will be given.

Cr-MOF-Based Electrochemical Sensor for the Detection of P-Nitrophenol

“…Compared with other traditional techniques, electrochemical sensing methods have the advantages of good selectivity, high sensitivity, simple operation, and fast response time [ 7 , 8 , 9 ]. The detection performance of an electrochemical sensor depends on the chemical properties of the modified materials used in the working electrodes [ 10 , 11 ]. Therefore, the performance of the sensor can be improved by carefully designing the component and structure of the electrode material in terms of selectivity, sensitivity and stability [ 12 , 13 ].…”