Modern conservation and indigenous peoples: in search of wisdom

Dwyer, Peter D.

doi:10.1071/pc940091

Cited by 32 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…Moreover, it remains to be demonstrated whether such knowledge is linked to a conservation ethic or a "user-oriented" conservation strategy (McNeely et al, 1995;Ruddle et al, 1992). 7 As Dwyer (1994) argued, the modern conservation movement is often at odds with the social and economic reality facing many indigenous peoples, and as the local political elite often relies on exclusionary rules that prevent segments of a population from accessing resources in an increasingly crowded world. In effect, such communal systems tend to conserve, but only in terms of incidental outcomes stemming from social inequalities (Brower, 1983).…”

Section: Implications For Conservationmentioning

confidence: 97%

The Behavioral Ecology of Shellfish Gathering in Western Kiribati, Micronesia 1: Prey Choice

Thomas

2006

Hum Ecol

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Focusing on contemporary shellfish exploitation among several atoll communities in Kiribati, Micronesia, this paper examines the relationship between human foragers and their invertebrate prey via the prey choice or diet breadth model derived from optimal foraging theory. Shellfish, like many other reef organisms, are relatively sedentary and predictable, but these characteristics make them susceptible to over-harvesting. The research reveals that shellfish gatherers are foraging in a manner that matches the predictions of optimal foraging theory. The work adds to our understanding of optimal foraging decisions in atoll settings by critically evaluating the depiction of atoll dwellers as conservationists.

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Section: Implications For Conservationmentioning

confidence: 97%

The Behavioral Ecology of Shellfish Gathering in Western Kiribati, Micronesia 1: Prey Choice

Thomas

2006

Hum Ecol

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“…Management and monitoring of hunting is urgently needed to avoid extirpation of species that are important for human consumption (Robinson & Bodmer, 1999). In Papua New Guinea (PNG) hunting is an integral part of custom and survival (Hyndman, 1984;Dwyer & Minnegal, 1991;Dwyer, 1994), with cassowaries (Casuariidae) being among the most sought after species (Kula, 1982;Reid, 1982b). Cassowary chicks are collected and kept in enclosures to use as 'currency' in trade and in ceremonies (Sillitoe, 1981;Reid, 1982a;Gardner, 1984;Healey, 1984).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A preliminary evaluation of the sustainability of cassowary (Aves: Casuariidae) capture and trade in Papua New Guinea

Johnson

Bino²,

Igag³

2004

Animal Conservation

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Wildlife capture and trade for traditional use in Papua New Guinea has led to the extirpation of cassowary in some areas and increasing pressure for trade from areas where they remain. We tested a village-based monitoring programme to evaluate sustainability of wildlife capture and trade by households in the Crater Mountain Wildlife Management Area. We monitored the type and number of wildlife species captured and traded. For the most heavily traded species, dwarf cassowary, we compared estimated annual offtake of live cassowary to maximum sustainable offtake and also compared change in hunter effort over time. We found that live offtake rates of 0.06-0.07/km 2 were unsustainable in one village catchment and on the threshold of unsustainable use in another. Extirpation of cassowary will probably occur in the management area unless the location or quantity of the harvest can be restricted and the husbandry of captive birds improved. Results indicate that village monitoring of cassowary offtake is feasible when done in collaboration with outside, trained observers. Such monitoring should be encouraged as a means for landowners and management agencies to collectively evaluate the sustainability of the cassowary harvest in Papua New Guinea. This study provides an example of how scientists working with local communities in tropical forests can contribute to systematic monitoring and evaluation of wildlife offtake for sustainable use.

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“…We do not wish to enter into the debate over aboriginal conservation, but suffice to say, exaggerated claims on behalf of traditional ecological wisdom require a reality check (Chapin 1988, Redford andStearman 1993). In any case, indigenous notions of conservation are fundamentally different from those of Western conservationists (Alcorn 1993, Dwyer 1994, Roberts et al 1995.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rediscovery of Traditional Ecological Knowledge as Adaptive Management

Berkes

Colding

Folke

2000

Ecological Applications

1,105

1,401

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Abstract. Indigenous groups offer alternative knowledge and perspectives based on their own locally developed practices of resource use. We surveyed the international literature to focus on the role of Traditional Ecological Knowledge in monitoring, responding to, and managing ecosystem processes and functions, with special attention to ecological resilience. Case studies revealed that there exists a diversity of local or traditional practices for ecosystem management. These include multiple species management, resource rotation, succession management, landscape patchiness management, and other ways of responding to and managing pulses and ecological surprises. Social mechanisms behind these traditional practices include a number of adaptations for the generation, accumulation, and transmission of knowledge; the use of local institutions to provide leaders/stewards and rules for social regulation; mechanisms for cultural internalization of traditional practices; and the development of appropriate world views and cultural values. Some traditional knowledge and management systems were characterized by the use of local ecological knowledge to interpret and respond to feedbacks from the environment to guide the direction of resource management. These traditional systems had certain similarities to adaptive management with its emphasis on feedback learning, and its treatment of uncertainty and unpredictability intrinsic to all ecosystems.

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Modern conservation and indigenous peoples: in search of wisdom

Cited by 32 publications

References 0 publications

The Behavioral Ecology of Shellfish Gathering in Western Kiribati, Micronesia 1: Prey Choice

The Behavioral Ecology of Shellfish Gathering in Western Kiribati, Micronesia 1: Prey Choice

A preliminary evaluation of the sustainability of cassowary (Aves: Casuariidae) capture and trade in Papua New Guinea

Rediscovery of Traditional Ecological Knowledge as Adaptive Management

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