Modern approach to the diagnosis of normal tension glaucoma taking into account the features of its pathogenesis

Abstract

Normal tension glaucoma was isolated as a separate clinical form of primary open-angle glaucoma at the end of the 20th century. In the article, various points of view on the development of this most difficultly diagnosed variety of glaucoma, as well as modern concepts of the pathogenesis of normal tension glaucoma which determine the strategy of a new approach to its diagnosis, are reviewed in the historical aspect.

Modern Methods for Diagnostics of Glaucoma

“…It is the presence of asymmetry in the state of the ONH and RNFL that is one of the signspresence of glaucoma. However, the features of the description of the state of the ONH and RNFL and the correct assessment of detected changes, especially during the initial manifestations of the disease, is more degrees depend on the professional competence of the ophthalmologist and even on features of the interpretation of results obtained using specialized technology [8,9].…”

“…Conducting and assessing specific tests may be difficult the need to train the subject, his insufficient concentration of attention when research and changes in the transparency of refractive media, as well as in connection with concomitant eye pathology. All these factors can, to a greater or lesser extent influence the results obtained, which will no longer have high reliability [9]. Based on the above, the question remains open about the relevance of identifying all three Graefe signs for diagnosis.…”

“…One of the promising directions can be considered the use of this technology in the evaluation of fundus images. Fundus photographs may be a suitable "candidate" for population screening for glaucoma, since it is the most a simple and widespread method for assessing ONH [4,9], relatively inexpensive andperspective. AI models have now been developed that can identify and determine changes in diabetic retinopathy and agerelated macular degeneration.…”