Modern approach of structuring the variety diversity of the naked and covered forms of cultural oats (Avena sativa L.)

Abstract

Background. Structuring and phenotyping genetic diversity is an important aspect of the work with breeding sources and materials. In the Introduction, the authors pointed out the role of N.I. Vavilovs scientific foresight in defining the topical trend in researching the genetic diversity of a crop, particularly the analysis of its biochemical composition. As the target of their research, the authors chose biochemical characters identifiable in the process of metabolomic analysis conducted by means of gas chromatography with mass spectrometry. Materials and methods. The object was the grain of naked and covered forms of common oat (Avena sativa L.) from the collection held by the Oat, Rye and Barley Genetic Resources Department of VIR. The analysis of oil fatty acid content and metabolomic research were performed using the method of gas-liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry on the chromatograph Agilent 6850 (USA). Results. The obtained metabolomic spectra which reflected the metabolomic status of genotypes of various ecogeographic origin were compared among themselves using statistical (principal component) analysis methods. The results of the comparison are discussed by referring to the most important groups of metabolites significant for forming the traits of resistance to stressors as well as the characters related to food qualities of grain products. Special attention has been paid to biologically active compounds determining the functional value of the products for human nutrition: the sum of phenolics in covered forms is five times higher than that in naked ones and the content of glycine amino acid in covered forms is five times higher than in naked grain, with a similar proportion in the content of organic acids, sugars, etc. Conclusion. Differences between metabolomic profiles of naked and covered forms have been detected and statistically verified. Accessions with the most optimal nutritional composition have been identified for food purposes and for the development of resistance to biotic and abiotic environmental stresses.

Composition of Primary and Secondary Metabolite Compounds in Seeds and Pods of Asparagus Bean (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) from China

“…Primary and secondary metabolites were analyzed using gas chromatography with mass spectrometry according to a published protocol [58]. The ground sample (40-50 mg) was mixed with methanol at a ratio of 1:10 (w:v); the sample was infused for no less than 30 days at 5-6 • C; the resulting extract was centrifuged at 14,000 rpm for 10 min;100 µL of the extract was dried on a CentriVap Concentrator (Labconco, Kansas, MI, USA); then 20 µL of tricosane solution in pyridine (concentration: 1 µg/µL) was added to the sample as an internal standard, and the result was silylated with 50 µL of N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide for 40 min at 100 • C. The sample (1.2 µL) was separated using an HP-5MS capillary column (5% phenyl 95% methylpolysiloxane, 30.0 m, 250.00 µm, 0.25 µm; Agilent Technologies, Palo Alto, CA, USA) on an Agilent 6850 gas chromatograph with a quadrupole mass selective detector (Agilent 5975B VL MSD, Agilent Technologies).…”

Bioactive Components in Oat and Barley Grain as a Promising Breeding Trend for Functional Food Production

“…A study aimed at identifying biochemical differences (metabolite markers) among naked and hulled oat cultivars for subsequent phenotyping the varietal gene pool of common oat was accomplished by Loskutov et al [ 96 ]. The naked oat forms were found to have a higher content of hydroxybenzoic acids, and the hulled forms contained more phenols.…”

Resistance of oat breeding lines to grain contamination with Fusarium langsethiae and T-2/HT-2 toxins

“…et Sold. ), which differ from each other in their morphological characteristics, biochemical properties and resistance to abiotic and biotic factors, were described (Kobylyansky, Soldatov, 1994;Loskutov et al, 2020). The relatively high resistance of naked oats to Fusarium infection of grain, in comparison with husked oats, has been repeatedly noted (Tekauz et al, 2008;Yan et al, 2010;Gagkaeva et al, 2013;Martin et al, 2018;Chropová et al, 2020).…”