Modern and ancient Zygochlamys delicatula shellbeds in New Zealand, and their sequence stratigraphic implications

Orpin, AR; Gammon, P; Naish, T.; Carter, R.M

doi:10.1016/s0037-0738(98)00110-9

Cited by 16 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The incoming of the subantarctic bivalve Zygochlamys delicatula at the level of Hautawa Shellbed in Wanganui Basin, and other basins of southern and eastern North Island (Fleming 1944;Beu et al 1977;Orpin et al 1998), represents the earliest macrofaunal evidence of climatic cooling in New Zealand Pliocene-Pleistocene marine sequences. Accordingly, for many years the Pliocene-Pleistocene boundary in New Zealand was placed at the base of the Nukumaruan Stage.…”

Section: The Nukumaruan Stratotypementioning

confidence: 99%

Sequence stratigraphy of the Nukumaruan Stratotype (Pliocene‐Pleistocene, c. 2.08–1.63 Ma), Wanganui Basin, New Zealand

Abbott

Naish

Carter

et al. 2005

Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand

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Late Pliocene to Early Pleistocene (c. 2.08-1.63 Ma) strata exposed in coastal cliffs along Nukumaru and Ototoka beaches near Wanganui, between the top of the Nukumaru Limestone and the base of the Butlers Shell Conglomerate, comprise 11 depositional sequences of a total thickness of c. 86 m. The sequences consist predominantly of silicilclastic shoreline facies. Non-marine facies (including palaeosols), and a variety of shallow-marine shellbed facies, are also represented. Patterns in facies composition and sequence architecture reveal three sequence motifs (Maxwell, Nukumaru, and Birdgrove) that represent progressively increasing maximum palaeowater depths within a broadly basin-margin palaeogeographic setting. The sequence motif changes systematically up section and records a lower order tectonic influence on accommodation that has modulated the stacking patterns of individual sequences. Correlation of the sequences with oxygen isotope stages 77-57 is achieved using the basin-wide Ototoka tephra, and indicates that the sequences accumulated in response to obliquity driven (41 k.y. duration) glacio-eustatic sea-level oscillations. Correlation of the Nukumaru coast sequences with other sections along basin strike, and the global oxygen isotope record indicates that (i) 500 k.y. (δ 18 O stages MIS 56-34) is missing at the unconformity between the Nukumaruan and overlying Castlecliffian stratotypes on the Wanganui coast, and (ii) the Pliocene-Pleistocene boundary lies within sequence NC7 at the base of the Lower Maxwell Formation.

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Section: The Nukumaruan Stratotypementioning

confidence: 99%

Sequence stratigraphy of the Nukumaruan Stratotype (Pliocene‐Pleistocene, c. 2.08–1.63 Ma), Wanganui Basin, New Zealand

Abbott

Naish

Carter

et al. 2005

Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand

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“…Off eastern South Island today, this system comprises four shelf-parallel sedimentary provinces (Carter et al 1985). These comprise (i) at the coast and along the inner to middle shelf, a shore connected prism of terrigenous sand and embayment mud (Andrews 1973;Herzer 1981); (ii) on the outer shelf, and spilling onto the upper slope, a terrigenous-sediment-starved belt of carbonate sand and gravel, sourced mainly from benthic biota (Orpin et al 1998), within which shelf parallel sand ribbons and north-facing megaripples testify to the presence of episodic strong currents (Carter et al 1985); (iii) on the upper slope, a clinoform drape of mud derived from sediment bypassing over the shelf edge (Browne & Naish 2003;Carter et al 2004b); and (iv) on the middle slope, in waters of intermediate depth, a major locus of sediment drift deposition which comprises alternating sand and mud of the Canterbury Drifts (Fulthorpe & Carter 1991 ;Lu et al 2003;Carter et al 2004a,b;Lu & Fulthorpe 2004).…”

Section: Sedimentary Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Elsewhere, at deeper water locations, which preserve sediments of a full glacial/interglacial cycle, no simple pattern occurs between lithology and climate. Sand-shellbed facies (and, conversely, siltstone facies) may correspond to either glacial or interglacial periods, and, therefore, colder or warmer water, depending upon the local controls on terrigenous sediment supply (Orpin et al 1998;Carter & Gammon 2004). This notwithstanding, the conflict between foraminiferal and molluscan evidence in the Waipipi shellbeds could perhaps be related to environmental factors other than temperature, depending upon the precise sequence stratigraphy of the samples.…”

Section: Evidence For Late Pliocene Warmthmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Zealand climatic template back to c. 3.9 Ma: ODP Site 1119, Canterbury Bight, south‐west Pacific Ocean, and its relationship to onland successions

Carter

2005

Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand

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Ocean Drilling Program Site 1119 is located east of South Island, New Zealand, in 394 m water depth on the upper continental slope. Though 93 km offshore today, during recent glaciations the site lay near the lowstand shoreline, directly beneath the path of seasonal riverine meltwater plumes. The core comprises an upper portion (0-86.19 metres composite depth (mcd)) deposited as upper slope clinoforms and a lower portion (to 513.5 mcd) deposited as mid-slope, intermediate water depth sediment drifts, the two intervals being separated across a short c. 25 k.y. long unconformity within Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 8. Almost throughout, the core comprises alternating micaceous muds and silts (glacials) and muddy, sometimes calcareous, sands (interglacials). Because of the enhanced potassium content of the terrigenous muds, the lithologies that characterise the two different climatic states possess markedly different natural gamma radiation signals, high and low, respectively. The natural gamma profile of Site 1119 therefore provides a high quality climatic time series with a 1-2 k.y. resolution (as sampled) back to the mid-Pliocene. The cyclic gamma ray pattern provides a proxy measure of ice volume in the Southern Alps, and is therefore an atmospheric record. This record matches closely that of oceanic oxygen isotope curves back to MIS 100 (2.4 Ma) and less closely beyond to MIS Gi-11 (3.91 Ma) at the base of the core. Marked, high gamma ray intervals at 3.68-3.63, 3.38, 3.12, and 2.80-2.67 Ma may reflect sharp mid-latitude atmospheric coolings at these times, as supported by marine faunal and isotopic evidence elsewhere in the New Zealand region. Alternatively, they may in part reflect changes in clay provenance consequent upon tectonic uplift in the hinterland. The natural gamma measurements are consistent with an overall decline of 6°C in average atmospheric temperature over South Island, New Zealand, since 2.45 Ma. Milankovitch 41 k.y. cyclicity is also prominent in the natural gamma record over this period, and its 60 API unit magnitude implies temperature swings up to 12°C between glacials and interglacials (G/I). Similarly large G/I temperature changes occur also in nearby sea surface temperatures east of South Island and in atmospheric temperatures in Antarctica (Vostok), suggesting that Pleistocene climate signals were closely synchronised across wide areas of Southern Hemisphere middle and high latitudes. Together with changing tectonic and related palaeogeographic patterns, these temperature changes must have played a significant role in influencing the local time ranges of taxa used in biostratigraphy. Very few, if any, traditional New Zealand Pliocene-Pleistocene index fossils have synchronous ranges across the region, and other methods of correlation (magnetostratigraphy, cyclostratigraphy, tephrochronology, isotope stratigraphy, and numeric dating) Zealand, Volume 35, 2005 have therefore come to be of particular importance. The Site 1119 natural gamma record provides a unique reference te...

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“…in analogy with fossil and recent analogs (Lewis and Marshall, 1996;Orpin, 1997;Orpin et al, 1998;Peckmann et al, 2001;Pinheiro et al, 2003;Somoza et al, 2003;Clari et al, 2004a,b;De Boever et al, 2006a,b;Nyman et al, 2006;Logvina et al, 2007;Merinero et al, 2008;2012;Campbell et al, 2010;Magalhães et al, 2012;Wirsig et al, 2012).…”

Section: Genetic Interpretationmentioning

confidence: 87%

The “chimney forest” of the deep Montenegrin margin, south-eastern Adriatic Sea

Angeletti

Canese

Franchi

et al. 2015

Marine and Petroleum Geology

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Modern and ancient Zygochlamys delicatula shellbeds in New Zealand, and their sequence stratigraphic implications

Cited by 16 publications

References 40 publications

Sequence stratigraphy of the Nukumaruan Stratotype (Pliocene‐Pleistocene, c. 2.08–1.63 Ma), Wanganui Basin, New Zealand

Sequence stratigraphy of the Nukumaruan Stratotype (Pliocene‐Pleistocene, c. 2.08–1.63 Ma), Wanganui Basin, New Zealand

A New Zealand climatic template back to c. 3.9 Ma: ODP Site 1119, Canterbury Bight, south‐west Pacific Ocean, and its relationship to onland successions

The “chimney forest” of the deep Montenegrin margin, south-eastern Adriatic Sea

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