This study focuses on how medical informatics, bioinformatics and health records are getting rejuvenated by AI and ML, which is leading to a new paradigm in healthcare. It drives home the significance of data-driven methods to address the health problems and enhancing the patient outcomes in healthcare. The study begins with a highlight of AI and ML technologies being used in healthcare. Then it delves deep into the machine learning approaches, appropriate optimisation techniques, methods of disease prediction, and signal processing advances. Besides that, this paper obtains new technological developments such as the improvement of healthcare information systems and the application of artificial intelligence and machine learning to medical signal and image processing. By means of this purpose, one aims to teach scholars, specialists, and decision-makers concerning the transformative capacity of AI and ML in healthcare. Ethical surrounding matters and the future pathways of research and innovation are also discussed.