Modern Advances in CARs Therapy and Creating a New Approach to Future Treatment

Sadowski, Karol; Olejarz, Wioletta; Basak, Grzegorz W.

doi:10.3390/ijms232315006

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 173 publications

(180 reference statements)

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“…Therefore, cellular BCMA-CD38-CAR-T cell therapy is feasible in treating patients with relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma (r/r MM), with high response rate, low recurrence rate and manageable CRS [ 43 ]. Importantly, BCMA-CAR-T immunotherapies Ciltacabtagene-autoleucel and Idecabtagene-vicleucel are now available for the treatment of patients with relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma [ 44 ]. These significant achievements in the treatment of hematological malignancies advocate CAR-T cell application for the treatment of solid tumors.…”

Section: Car-t Cell Therapy In Solid Tumors: Applications Challenges ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

CAR-cell therapy in the era of solid tumor treatment: current challenges and emerging therapeutic advances

et al. 2023

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In the last decade, Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy has emerged as a promising immunotherapeutic approach to fight cancers. This approach consists of genetically engineered immune cells expressing a surface receptor, called CAR, that specifically targets antigens expressed on the surface of tumor cells. In hematological malignancies like leukemias, myeloma, and non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphomas, adoptive CAR-T cell therapy has shown efficacy in treating chemotherapy refractory patients. However, the value of this therapy remains inconclusive in the context of solid tumors and is restrained by several obstacles including limited tumor trafficking and infiltration, the presence of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, as well as adverse events associated with such therapy. Recently, CAR-Natural Killer (CAR-NK) and CAR-macrophages (CAR-M) were introduced as a complement/alternative to CAR-T cell therapy for solid tumors. CAR-NK cells could be a favorable substitute for CAR-T cells since they do not require HLA compatibility and have limited toxicity. Additionally, CAR-NK cells might be generated in large scale from several sources which would suggest them as promising off-the-shelf product. CAR-M immunotherapy with its capabilities of phagocytosis, tumor-antigen presentation, and broad tumor infiltration, is currently being investigated. Here, we discuss the emerging role of CAR-T, CAR-NK, and CAR-M cells in solid tumors. We also highlight the advantages and drawbacks of CAR-NK and CAR-M cells compared to CAR-T cells. Finally, we suggest prospective solutions such as potential combination therapies to enhance the efficacy of CAR-cells immunotherapy.

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Section: Car-t Cell Therapy In Solid Tumors: Applications Challenges ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

CAR-cell therapy in the era of solid tumor treatment: current challenges and emerging therapeutic advances

et al. 2023

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“…Their process of production and adm istration to the patient is shown in Figure 4. [121]. The crucial feature of CAR-T cells is their binding to target antigens on the cell surfa independent of the major histocompatibility complex MHC receptor [119].…”

Section: Car-t Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Genetically engineered T and NK cells expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) are cytotoxic cells for treating hematological malignancies and solid tumors [ 119 , 120 , 121 , 122 , 123 ]. They contain engineered synthetic receptors that mainly target lymphocytes against cells expressing a specific target antigen [ 124 ].…”

Section: Innovative Approaches To Gbm Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revolutionizing Glioblastoma Treatment: A Comprehensive Overview of Modern Therapeutic Approaches

Sadowski,

Jażdżewska,

Kozłowski

et al. 2024

IJMS

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Glioblastoma is the most common malignant primary brain tumor in the adult population, with an average survival of 12.1 to 14.6 months. The standard treatment, combining surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, is not as efficient as we would like. However, the current possibilities are no longer limited to the standard therapies due to rapid advancements in biotechnology. New methods enable a more precise approach by targeting individual cells and antigens to overcome cancer. For the treatment of glioblastoma, these are gamma knife therapy, proton beam therapy, tumor-treating fields, EGFR and VEGF inhibitors, multiple RTKs inhibitors, and PI3K pathway inhibitors. In addition, the increasing understanding of the role of the immune system in tumorigenesis and the ability to identify tumor-specific antigens helped to develop immunotherapies targeting GBM and immune cells, including CAR-T, CAR-NK cells, dendritic cells, and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Each of the described methods has its advantages and disadvantages and faces problems, such as the inefficient crossing of the blood–brain barrier, various neurological and systemic side effects, and the escape mechanism of the tumor. This work aims to present the current modern treatments of glioblastoma.

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“…The CAR consists of an extracellular CD19 binding domain and a cytoplasmic domain with CD28 and CD3-zeta co-stimulatory domains [ 28 , 29 ]. Despite challenges, the future use of CAR T-cell therapy for improved cancer outcomes is promising [ 30 , 31 ].…”

Section: Gene Therapy For Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Oncolytic virus-based suicide gene therapy for cancer treatment: a perspective of the clinical trials conducted at Henry Ford Health

et al. 2023

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Gene therapy manipulates or modifies a gene that provides a new cellular function to treat or correct a pathological condition, such as cancer. The approach of using gene manipulation to modify patient’s cells to improve cancer therapy and potentially find a cure is gaining popularity. Currently, there are 12 gene therapy products approved by US-FDA, EMA and CFDA for cancer management, these include Rexin-G, Gendicine, Oncorine, Provange among other. The Radiation Biology Research group at Henry Ford Health has been actively developing gene therapy approaches for improving clinical outcome in cancer patients. The team was the first to test a replication-competent oncolytic virus armed with a therapeutic gene in humans, to combine this approach with radiation in humans, and to image replication-competent adenoviral gene expression/activity in humans. The adenoviral gene therapy products developed at Henry Ford Health have been evaluated in more than 6 preclinical studies and evaluated in 9 investigator initiated clinical trials treating more than100 patients. Two phase I clinical trials are currently following patients long term and a phase I trial for recurrent glioma was initiated in November 2022. This systematic review provides an overview of gene therapy approaches and products employed for treating cancer patients including the products developed at Henry Ford Health.

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Modern Advances in CARs Therapy and Creating a New Approach to Future Treatment

Cited by 8 publications

References 173 publications

CAR-cell therapy in the era of solid tumor treatment: current challenges and emerging therapeutic advances

CAR-cell therapy in the era of solid tumor treatment: current challenges and emerging therapeutic advances

Revolutionizing Glioblastoma Treatment: A Comprehensive Overview of Modern Therapeutic Approaches

Oncolytic virus-based suicide gene therapy for cancer treatment: a perspective of the clinical trials conducted at Henry Ford Health

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