Moderating or mediating effects of family characteristics on socioeconomic inequalities in child health in high-income countries – a scoping review

Hoffmann, Stephanie; Sander, Lydia; Wachtler, Benjamin; Blume, Miriam; Schneider, Sven; Herke, Max; Pischke, Claudia R.; Fialho, Paula Mayara Matos; Schuettig, Wiebke; Tallarek, Marie; Lampert, Thomas; Spallek, Jacob

doi:10.1186/s12889-022-12603-4

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…This finding may be helpful for specifying the mechanisms that lead to health inequalities among adolescents. However, further research is required to elucidate the mediation effects of psychosocial and health behavioral familial determinants in childhood [ 74 ] and young adulthood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socioeconomic position and self-rated health among female and male adolescents: The role of familial determinants in explaining health inequalities. Results of the German KiGGS study

et al. 2022

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Objective Although health inequalities in adolescence are well documented, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Few studies have examined the role of the family in explaining the association between the family’s socioeconomic position and adolescents’ self-rated health. The current study aimed to explore whether the association between socioeconomic position and self-rated health was mediated by familial determinants. Methods Using data from wave 2 of the”German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents” (KiGGS) (1,838 female and 1,718 male 11- to 17-year-olds), linear regression analyses were conducted to decompose the total effects of income, education, occupational status, socioeconomic position index and adolescents’ subjective social status on self-rated health into direct effects and indirect effects through familial determinants (family cohesion, parental well-being, parental stress, parenting styles, parental obesity, smoking and sporting activity). Results A significant total effect of all socioeconomic position indicators on self-rated health was found, except for income in male adolescents. In female adolescents, more than 70% of the total effects of each socioeconomic position indicator were explained by familial mediators, whereas no significant direct effects remained. The most important mediator was parental well-being, followed by family cohesion, parental smoking and sporting activity. In male adolescents, the associations between income, parental education, the socioeconomic position index and subjective social status were also mediated by familial determinants (family cohesion, parental smoking, obesity and living in a single-mother family). However, a significant direct effect of subjective social status remained. Conclusion The analysis revealed how a family’s position of socioeconomic disadvantage can lead to poorer health in adolescents through different family practices. The family appears to play an important role in explaining health inequalities, particularly in female adolescents. Reducing health inequalities in adolescence requires policy interventions (macro-level), community-based strategies (meso-level) and programs to improve parenting and family functioning (micro-level).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socioeconomic position and self-rated health among female and male adolescents: The role of familial determinants in explaining health inequalities. Results of the German KiGGS study

et al. 2022

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“…For example, children under the age of six from families with a lower SES are more likely to have asthma, delayed cognitive development, a higher prevalence of overweight/obesity, and lower levels of physical activity (Chen, 2014; Iguacel et al., 2018). Given the increased risk of low SES children to both screen time and developmental deficits, further research should seek explanatory mechanisms between these variables (Hoffman et al., 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infant screen media and child development: A prospective community study

Slobodin,

Hetzroni,

Mandel

et al. 2023

Infancy

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The current study examined longitudinal associations between early screen media exposure (assessed at 6, 12, and 24 months) and the child's motor and language/communication development at the ages of 24 and 36 months. We also aimed to study whether these associations varied by socioeconomic status (SES). Participants were 179 parent‐infant dyads, recruited from well‐baby clinic services during routine visits. Child development measures included standardized measures of developmental milestones as assessed by professionals and referral data to child developmental centers. Both measures were retrieved from the official health maintenance organization records by an expert in child development. Results indicated that screen exposure at 6 and 12 months was associated with a higher risk for language/communication deficits at 36 months in children with moderate or high SES but not in children with low SES. Our findings are consistent with existing literature demonstrating cross‐sectional and longitudinal associations between early screen exposure and language development deficits. Given that media use practices and motivations vary among families from different backgrounds, further investigation of the interaction between SES and screen exposure is needed.

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“…PECOS-Schema zurückgegriffen werden, bei vielen Scoping Reviews wird jedoch das Population-Concept-Context-Schema (PCC) für die Formulierung der Fragestellung benutzt [14] , [16] . Ein Beispiel wäre ein Überblick über die Evidenz zu den Auswirkungen von Familiencharakteristiken auf die Entstehung gesundheitlicher Ungleichheiten (Concept) bei Schulkindern und Jugendlichen (Population) im familiärem Umfeld (Context) [32] . Die Elemente der PCC-Merkhilfe sollten im Titel der Publikation benannt werden.…”

Section: Ergebnisseunclassified